Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb empirer

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb empirer

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The English translation of the French verb empirer is “to worsen” or “to deteriorate.” The infinitive form, empirer, is pronounced as “em-pee-ray.”

The word empirer comes from the Latin word “experior,” meaning “to try” or “to test.” It entered the French language in the 12th century, and its meaning gradually evolved to refer to the idea of something becoming worse or deteriorating.

In everyday French, empirer is most often used in the Passé Composé (Present Perfect) tense to describe a past action or event that has caused a deterioration or negative change in a situation.

Examples:

  1. La situation a empiré depuis notre dernière réunion. (The situation has worsened since our last meeting.)
  2. Les conditions de vie se sont empirées dans les campagnes. (Living conditions have deteriorated in rural areas.)
  3. Après l’accident, sa santé s’est empirée progressivement. (After the accident, his health gradually worsened.)

In these examples, we can see how the verb empirer is used to describe a situation, condition, or state that has become worse or more negative compared to a previous time. It is often used in a medical or social context, but can also be used in a general sense.

Table of the Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of empirer

Pronoun Conjugation Short Example English Translation
je ai empiré J’ai empiré la situation. I made the situation worse.
tu as empiré Tu as empiré les choses. You made things worse.
il a empiré Il a empiré sa santé. He worsened his health.
elle a empiré Elle a empiré la situation financière. She worsened the financial situation.
on a empiré On a empiré le problème. We worsened the problem.
nous avons empiré Nous avons empiré la situation. We made the situation worse.
vous avez empiré Vous avez empiré la situation. You made the situation worse.
ils ont empiré Ils ont empiré leurs relations. They worsened their relationships.
elles ont empiré Elles ont empiré la situation. They made the situation worse.

Other Conjugations for Empirer.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb empirer
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb empirer
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb empirer
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb empirer    (this article)

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb empirer
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb empirer
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb empirer
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb empirer

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb empirer

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb empirer

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb empirer
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb empirer

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb empirer
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb empirer
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb empirer

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb empirer

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb empirer

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Empirer – About the French Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense

The French Passé Composé is a compound tense used to express actions or events that have been completed in the past. It is one of the most common past tenses in the French language and is typically used in everyday conversation to describe actions that occurred at a specific point in the past. The Passé Composé is constructed using an auxiliary verb (either “être” or “avoir”) and a past participle.

NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see our article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation of the Passé Composé

Set the auxiliary verb with either

“être” – used with a select group of verbs (mostly intransitive verbs of motion, reflexive verbs, and some others) or
“avoir” – used with most other verbs. 

Conjugate the auxiliary verb

If using “être,” you must conjugate it in the present tense according to the subject of the sentence. 
Je suis, Tu es, Il est, Nous sommes, Vous êtes, Ils sont 
If using “avoir,” conjugate it according to the subject as well: 
J’ai, Tu as, Elle a, Nous avons, Vous avez, Ils ont.  

Add the past participle

For regular -er verbs, remove the -er ending and add -é (e.g., “parler” becomes “parlé”). 
For regular -ir verbs, remove the -ir ending and add -i (e.g., “finir” becomes “fini”). 
For regular -re verbs, remove the -re ending and add -u (e.g., “vendre” becomes “vendu”). 
For irregular verbs, you’ll need to learn the past participles individually, as they don’t follow a regular pattern.

Common everyday usage patterns

Narrating Past Events

The Passé Composé is used to talk about specific actions or events that took place in the past. For example: “Hier, j’ai mangé une pizza” (Yesterday, I ate a pizza). 

Sequential Actions

When describing a series of actions in the past, the Passé Composé is used. For example: “D’abord, je me suis réveillé, puis je suis allé travailler” (First, I woke up, then I went to work). 

Describing Completed Actions

It’s used to emphasize that an action has been completed, often with a specific time reference. For example: “Elle a terminé son travail à 18 heures” (She finished her work at 6 p.m.). 

Interactions with other tenses

Imperfect Tense

The Passé Composé is often used in conjunction with the imperfect tense when telling a story or describing past events. The Passé Composé is used for specific actions that occurred, while the imperfect is used for background information or ongoing actions. 
For example: “Il pleuvait quand j’ai sorti mon parapluie” (It was raining when I took out my umbrella).

Conditional and Future Tenses

The Passé Composé is used as a reference point in complex sentences to establish the sequence of events in relation to future or conditional actions. 
For example: “Quand il est arrivé, je lui ai donné ton message” (When he arrived, I gave him your message). 

Summary

The French Passé Composé is an essential tense for talking about completed actions in the past in everyday conversation. It’s important to master the choice of auxiliary verb and the past participle conjugation for various verbs to use it effectively.

I hope you enjoyed this article on the verb empirer. Still in a learning mood? Check out another TOTALLY random French verb conjugation!

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