Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cascader

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb cascader

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The English translation of the French verb cascader is “to cascade” or “to flow over.” The infinitive form, cascader, is pronounced as [ka-skah-deh].

The language origin of cascader comes from the French word “cascades,” meaning waterfalls. It is most often used in everyday French in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense, which is used to express a hypothetical or uncertain past action. It is formed by using the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être” in the Plus-que-parfait tense and adding the past participle of the verb.

Here are three simple examples of cascader in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense, with their respective English translations:

  1. J’aurais aimé que l’eau ait cascadé de la montagne. (I would have liked the water to have cascaded from the mountain.)
  2. Il aurait fallu qu’elle soit arrivée avant que le soleil ne soit plus chaud pour que l’eau ait cascadé dans la piscine. (She should have arrived before the sun got too hot for the water to cascade in the pool.)
  3. Nous aurions préféré que la cascade ne se soit pas tarie en été dernier. (We would have preferred the waterfall not to have dried up last summer.)

Table of the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of cascader

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je eusse cascadé J’aurais aimé que je eusse cascadé. I wish I had cascaded.
tu eusses cascadé J’aurais aimé que tu eusses cascadé. I wish you had cascaded.
il eût cascadé J’aurais aimé qu’il eût cascadé. I wish he had cascaded.
elle eût cascadé J’aurais aimé qu’elle eût cascadé. I wish she had cascaded.
on eût cascadé J’aurais aimé qu’on eût cascadé. I wish one had cascaded.
nous eussions cascadé J’aurais aimé que nous eussions cascadé. I wish we had cascaded.
vous eussiez cascadé J’aurais aimé que vous eussiez cascadé. I wish you had cascaded.
ils eussent cascadé J’aurais aimé qu’ils eussent cascadé. I wish they had cascaded.
elles eussent cascadé J’aurais aimé qu’elles eussent cascadé. I wish they had cascaded.

Other Conjugations for Cascader.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb cascader
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cascader
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cascader
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cascader
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cascader
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cascader
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cascader
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cascader

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cascader

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cascader

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cascader
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cascader

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cascader
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cascader
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cascader

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cascader

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cascader
    (this article)

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Cascader – About the French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense

The French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, also known as the Pluperfect Subjunctive, is a verb tense used to express actions or states that occurred before another action in the past, and it’s used in situations where the indicative mood is in the past subjunctive or conditional mood.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation

To form the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, you start with the imperfect subjunctive form of the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être,” followed by the past participle of the main verb. 
For “avoir” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “avoir” (e.g., j’eusse, tu eusses, il/elle eût, nous eussions, vous eussiez, ils/elles eussent). Add the past participle of the main verb. 
For “être” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “être” (e.g., je fusse, tu fusses, il/elle fût, nous fussions, vous fussiez, ils/elles fussent). Add the past participle of the main verb.

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

Hypothetical Situations

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is often used to express hypothetical or unreal actions that occurred before another past action.
For example: J’aurais aimé que tu aies fini ton travail avant que je sois arrivé. (I would have liked for you to have finished your work before I arrived.) 

Reported Speech

In reported speech, you may use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait to convey what someone said or thought in the past. 
For example: Il m’a dit qu’il avait peur que je n’aie pas compris. (He told me that he was afraid that I hadn’t understood.) 

Doubt, Wishes, and Emotions

This tense can also be used to express doubt, wishes, and emotions about past actions. 
For example: Je doutais qu’il eût dit la vérité. (I doubted that he had told the truth.) 
J’aurais souhaité que tu fusses venu. (I would have wished for you to have come.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

Present Subjunctive

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to describe past actions when the main verb is in the present subjunctive. 
For example: “Il faut que j’aie fini mon travail avant que tu partes.” (I must have finished my work before you leave.) 

Imperfect Subjunctive

It’s common to use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait with the imperfect subjunctive in complex sentences. 
For example: “Il m’avait dit qu’il fût rentré avant la fin de la journée.” (He had told me that he had returned before the end of the day.) 

Conditional

When the main verb is in the conditional mood, the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to express past unreal conditions. 
For example: “Si j’avais su, j’aurais voulu que tu aies réussi.” (If I had known, I would have wanted you to have succeeded.)

Summary

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is a complex tense used to convey nuanced meanings in French. While its usage may seem intricate, it becomes more intuitive with practice and exposure to the language. It’s important to understand the context in which it’s used, as it often conveys subtleties of time, conditionality, and emotion in French sentences.

I hope you enjoyed this article on the verb cascader. Still in a learning mood? Check out another TOTALLY random French verb conjugation!

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