Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb grimacer

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb grimacer

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The English translation of grimacer is “to grimace.” It is pronounced as [ɡʁimasɛ] in the infinitive form.

The word grimacer comes from the French word “grimace,” which in turn comes from the Latin word “grimacium.” It is primarily used to express a facial expression that conveys disgust, disapproval, or pain.

In everyday French, grimacer is often used in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense to express an action or emotion that had happened in the past, before another past action. This tense is formed by using the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être” in the subjonctif imparfait form, followed by the past participle of the main verb.

Here are three simple examples of its usage in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense, with their English translations:

  1. J’avais peur qu’elle ait grimacé en entendant la mauvaise nouvelle. (I was afraid that she had grimaced upon hearing the bad news.)
  2. Il était déçu que nous ayons grimacé en goûtant le plat. (He was disappointed that we had grimaced while tasting the dish.)
  3. Nous aurions préféré qu’ils n’aient pas grimacé pendant la réunion. (We would have preferred that they had not grimaced during the meeting.)

Table of the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of grimacer

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je eusse grimacé J’aurais aimé que je eusse grimacé. I wish I had grimaced.
tu eusses grimacé J’aurais aimé que tu eusses grimacé. I wish you had grimaced.
il eût grimacé J’aurais aimé qu’il eût grimacé. I wish he had grimaced.
elle eût grimacé J’aurais aimé qu’elle eût grimacé. I wish she had grimaced.
on eût grimacé J’aurais aimé qu’on eût grimacé. I wish one had grimaced.
nous eussions grimacé J’aurais aimé que nous eussions grimacé. I wish we had grimaced.
vous eussiez grimacé J’aurais aimé que vous eussiez grimacé. I wish you had grimaced.
ils eussent grimacé J’aurais aimé qu’ils eussent grimacé. I wish they had grimaced.
elles eussent grimacé J’aurais aimé qu’elles eussent grimacé. I wish they had grimaced.

Other Conjugations for Grimacer.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb grimacer
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb grimacer
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb grimacer
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb grimacer
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb grimacer
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb grimacer
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb grimacer
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb grimacer

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb grimacer

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb grimacer

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb grimacer
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb grimacer

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb grimacer
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb grimacer
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb grimacer

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb grimacer

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb grimacer
    (this article)

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Grimacer – About the French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense

The French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, also known as the Pluperfect Subjunctive, is a verb tense used to express actions or states that occurred before another action in the past, and it’s used in situations where the indicative mood is in the past subjunctive or conditional mood.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation

To form the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, you start with the imperfect subjunctive form of the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être,” followed by the past participle of the main verb. 
For “avoir” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “avoir” (e.g., j’eusse, tu eusses, il/elle eût, nous eussions, vous eussiez, ils/elles eussent). Add the past participle of the main verb. 
For “être” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “être” (e.g., je fusse, tu fusses, il/elle fût, nous fussions, vous fussiez, ils/elles fussent). Add the past participle of the main verb.

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

Hypothetical Situations

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is often used to express hypothetical or unreal actions that occurred before another past action.
For example: J’aurais aimé que tu aies fini ton travail avant que je sois arrivé. (I would have liked for you to have finished your work before I arrived.) 

Reported Speech

In reported speech, you may use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait to convey what someone said or thought in the past. 
For example: Il m’a dit qu’il avait peur que je n’aie pas compris. (He told me that he was afraid that I hadn’t understood.) 

Doubt, Wishes, and Emotions

This tense can also be used to express doubt, wishes, and emotions about past actions. 
For example: Je doutais qu’il eût dit la vérité. (I doubted that he had told the truth.) 
J’aurais souhaité que tu fusses venu. (I would have wished for you to have come.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

Present Subjunctive

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to describe past actions when the main verb is in the present subjunctive. 
For example: “Il faut que j’aie fini mon travail avant que tu partes.” (I must have finished my work before you leave.) 

Imperfect Subjunctive

It’s common to use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait with the imperfect subjunctive in complex sentences. 
For example: “Il m’avait dit qu’il fût rentré avant la fin de la journée.” (He had told me that he had returned before the end of the day.) 

Conditional

When the main verb is in the conditional mood, the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to express past unreal conditions. 
For example: “Si j’avais su, j’aurais voulu que tu aies réussi.” (If I had known, I would have wanted you to have succeeded.)

Summary

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is a complex tense used to convey nuanced meanings in French. While its usage may seem intricate, it becomes more intuitive with practice and exposure to the language. It’s important to understand the context in which it’s used, as it often conveys subtleties of time, conditionality, and emotion in French sentences.

I hope you enjoyed this article on the verb grimacer. Still in a learning mood? Check out another TOTALLY random French verb conjugation!

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