Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incruster

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb incruster

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The English translation of the French verb incruster is “to embed” or “to inset”. The infinitive form is pronounced as “an-kroo-stay”.

The origin of the word incruster comes from the Latin word “incrustare”, meaning “to stick into”. It entered the French language in the 16th century as “incrustier” before evolving into its current form.

In everyday French, incruster is most often used in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense to express an action that occurred before another action in the past. This tense is formed with the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être” in the Subjonctif Imparfait tense, followed by the past participle of the verb incruster.

Example 1: J’avais incrusté la photo dans le cadre avant que tu n’arrives.
Translation: I had embedded the photo in the frame before you arrived.

Example 2: Elle était déjà incrustée dans le mur lorsque j’ai emménagé.
Translation: It was already inset into the wall when I moved in.

Example 3: Nous avions incrusté les pierres les unes contre les autres pour construire un mur solide.
Translation: We had embedded the stones against each other to build a sturdy wall.

Table of the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of incruster

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je eusse incrusté J’aurais aimé que je eusse incrusté. I wish I had embedded.
tu eusses incrusté J’aurais aimé que tu eusses incrusté. I wish you had embedded.
il eût incrusté J’aurais aimé qu’il eût incrusté. I wish he had embedded.
elle eût incrusté J’aurais aimé qu’elle eût incrusté. I wish she had embedded.
on eût incrusté J’aurais aimé qu’on eût incrusté. I wish one had embedded.
nous eussions incrusté J’aurais aimé que nous eussions incrusté. I wish we had embedded.
vous eussiez incrusté J’aurais aimé que vous eussiez incrusté. I wish you had embedded.
ils eussent incrusté J’aurais aimé qu’ils eussent incrusté. I wish they had embedded.
elles eussent incrusté J’aurais aimé qu’elles eussent incrusté. I wish they had embedded.

Other Conjugations for Incruster.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb incruster
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incruster
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incruster
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incruster
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incruster
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incruster
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incruster
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incruster

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incruster

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incruster

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incruster
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incruster

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incruster
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incruster
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incruster

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incruster

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incruster
    (this article)

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Incruster – About the French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense

The French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, also known as the Pluperfect Subjunctive, is a verb tense used to express actions or states that occurred before another action in the past, and it’s used in situations where the indicative mood is in the past subjunctive or conditional mood.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation

To form the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, you start with the imperfect subjunctive form of the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être,” followed by the past participle of the main verb. 
For “avoir” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “avoir” (e.g., j’eusse, tu eusses, il/elle eût, nous eussions, vous eussiez, ils/elles eussent). Add the past participle of the main verb. 
For “être” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “être” (e.g., je fusse, tu fusses, il/elle fût, nous fussions, vous fussiez, ils/elles fussent). Add the past participle of the main verb.

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

Hypothetical Situations

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is often used to express hypothetical or unreal actions that occurred before another past action.
For example: J’aurais aimé que tu aies fini ton travail avant que je sois arrivé. (I would have liked for you to have finished your work before I arrived.) 

Reported Speech

In reported speech, you may use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait to convey what someone said or thought in the past. 
For example: Il m’a dit qu’il avait peur que je n’aie pas compris. (He told me that he was afraid that I hadn’t understood.) 

Doubt, Wishes, and Emotions

This tense can also be used to express doubt, wishes, and emotions about past actions. 
For example: Je doutais qu’il eût dit la vérité. (I doubted that he had told the truth.) 
J’aurais souhaité que tu fusses venu. (I would have wished for you to have come.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

Present Subjunctive

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to describe past actions when the main verb is in the present subjunctive. 
For example: “Il faut que j’aie fini mon travail avant que tu partes.” (I must have finished my work before you leave.) 

Imperfect Subjunctive

It’s common to use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait with the imperfect subjunctive in complex sentences. 
For example: “Il m’avait dit qu’il fût rentré avant la fin de la journée.” (He had told me that he had returned before the end of the day.) 

Conditional

When the main verb is in the conditional mood, the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to express past unreal conditions. 
For example: “Si j’avais su, j’aurais voulu que tu aies réussi.” (If I had known, I would have wanted you to have succeeded.)

Summary

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is a complex tense used to convey nuanced meanings in French. While its usage may seem intricate, it becomes more intuitive with practice and exposure to the language. It’s important to understand the context in which it’s used, as it often conveys subtleties of time, conditionality, and emotion in French sentences.

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