Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incarcérer

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb incarcérer

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The English translation of the French verb incarcérer is “to incarcerate” or “to imprison.” It is pronounced as “an-kar-se-ray.”

The origin of incarcérer can be traced back to the Latin word “carcer,” meaning “prison.” It is most often used in everyday French in the Subjonctif Présent tense, which is used to express doubt, uncertainty, or a desire for something to happen.

Examples of incarcérer in the Subjonctif Présent tense are:

  1. Il faut que tu incarcères ces criminels. (It is necessary that you incarcerate these criminals.)
  2. Je ne crois pas qu’ils incarcèrent leur fils pour un vol. (I don’t believe they would incarcerate their son for theft.)
  3. Il est important que la justice incarcère les coupables. (It is important that justice incarcerates the guilty.)

In these examples, the Subjonctif Présent tense is used to express a desire or belief that something should happen (incarcerate the criminals, justice should incarcerate the guilty), as well as doubt or uncertainty about whether it will happen (I don’t believe they would incarcerate their son).

Table of the Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of incarcérer

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je incarcère Il est possible que je l’incarcère. It’s possible I incarcerate him/her.
tu incarcères Je ne veux pas que tu l’incarcères. I don’t want you to incarcerate him/her.
il incarcère Il est important qu’il l’incarcère. It’s important he incarcerates him/her.
elle incarcère Elle ne veut pas qu’elle l’incarcère. She doesn’t want to incarcerate him/her.
on incarcère Il est nécessaire qu’on l’incarcère. It’s necessary we incarcerate him/her.
nous incarcérions Il est préférable que nous l’incarcérions. It’s preferable we incarcerate him/her.
vous incarcériez Il est crucial que vous l’incarcériez. It’s crucial you incarcerate him/her.
ils incarcèrent Il est recommandé qu’ils l’incarcèrent. It’s recommended they incarcerate him/her.
elles incarcèrent Il est important qu’elles l’incarcèrent. It’s important they incarcerate him/her.

Other Conjugations for Incarcérer.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb incarcérer
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incarcérer
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incarcérer
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incarcérer
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incarcérer
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incarcérer
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incarcérer
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incarcérer

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incarcérer

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incarcérer (this article)

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incarcérer
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incarcérer

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incarcérer
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incarcérer
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incarcérer

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incarcérer

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb incarcérer

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Incarcérer – About the French Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense

The French Subjonctif Présent, often referred to simply as the “subjunctive mood,” is a verb tense used to express doubt, uncertainty, subjectivity, and emotions. It is not used to describe actions or facts that are considered certain or objective. Here, I will explain the Subjonctif Présent tense, its common everyday usage patterns, and how it interacts with other tenses in French.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation of the Subjonctif Présent

To form the Subjonctif Présent tense for regular verbs, you typically follow these rules

1. Start with the third-person plural (ils/elles) form of the present tense of the verb.
2. Remove the -ent ending.
3. Add the appropriate endings for each verb group:
   – For -er verbs: e, es, e, ions, iez, ent.
   – For -ir verbs: e, es, e, issions, issiez, issent.
   – For -re verbs: e, es, e, ions, iez, ent.

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

1. Expressing Uncertainty and Doubt. The Subjonctif Présent is commonly used to express uncertainty, doubt, or subjective feelings. For example:
   – Je doute qu’il vienne. (I doubt he is coming.)
   – Il est possible que nous ayons des problèmes. (It is possible that we will have problems.)

2. Emotions and Desires. You use the subjunctive to express emotions, desires, hopes, and wishes.
   – Je veux que tu sois heureux. (I want you to be happy.)
   – J’aimerais que vous veniez à la fête. (I would like you to come to the party.)

3. Impersonal Expressions. Some impersonal expressions require the Subjonctif Présent, such as “il est important que” (it is important that), “il est nécessaire que” (it is necessary that), or “il faut que” (it is necessary that).
   – Il est nécessaire que nous partions. (It is necessary that we leave.)

4. Expressions of Possibility and Hypothesis. Subjunctive can be used to express possibilities and hypotheses:
   – Si j’étais riche, je voyagerais. (If I were rich, I would travel.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

The Subjonctif Présent can interact with other tenses in various ways:

1. Present Subjunctive with Present Indicative. Often, the Subjonctif Présent is used alongside the present indicative to express a contrast between certainty and uncertainty. For example:
   – Il est sûr que tu viens. (It’s certain that you are coming.)
   – Il est possible que tu viennes. (It’s possible that you are coming.)

2. Past Subjunctive with Past Indicative. The Subjonctif Passé is used in conjunction with past indicative tenses to express doubt, uncertainty, or emotion about past actions or events.
   – J’étais triste qu’il soit parti. (I was sad that he had left.)

3. Future Subjunctive with Future Indicative. The Subjonctif Futur can be used with future indicative tenses to express doubt or uncertainty about future actions.
   – J’espère qu’il viendra. (I hope he will come.)

4. Conditional and Subjunctive. The Subjonctif Présent is often used with the conditional mood to express hypothetical or unreal situations.
   – Si j’avais de l’argent, je voyagerais. (If I had money, I would travel.)

Summary

The Subjonctif Présent is a mood used to convey uncertainty, doubt, emotions, and desires. It interacts with other tenses in French to create a wide range of nuanced expressions in both everyday conversation and more complex contexts.

I hope you enjoyed this article on the verb incarcérer. Still in a learning mood? Check out another TOTALLY random French verb conjugation!

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