Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb contre-passer

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb contre-passer

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The English translation of the French verb contre-passer is “to pass through/over” or “to go through/over”. The infinitive form of contre-passer is pronounced as “kon-truh-pa-say”.

The language origin of contre-passer comes from the combination of two words: “contre” meaning “against” and “passer” meaning “to pass”. In everyday French, contre-passer is most often used in the Passé Antérieur tense to indicate an action that occurred before another action in the past. This tense is used to describe an event that happened and was completed before another event in the past.

Examples of its usage in the Passé Antérieur tense are:

  1. J’ai contre-passé la frontière avant de m’en rendre compte. (I had passed through the border before realizing it.)
  2. Elle avait contre-passé le test avec succès avant de recevoir la mauvaise nouvelle. (She had successfully passed the test before receiving the bad news.)
  3. Les voleurs avaient contre-passé la sécurité et volé tous les bijoux avant que la police arrive. (The thieves had passed through security and stole all the jewelry before the police arrived.)

Table of the Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of contre-passer

Pronoun Conjugation Short Example English Translation
je j’eusse contre-passé J’eusse contre-passé la rue I had crossed the street
tu tu eusses contre-passé Tu eusses contre-passé la rue You had crossed the street
il il eût contre-passé Il eût contre-passé la rue He had crossed the street
elle elle eût contre-passé Elle eût contre-passé la rue She had crossed the street
on on eût contre-passé On eût contre-passé la rue One had crossed the street
nous nous eûmes contre-passé Nous eûmes contre-passé la rue We had crossed the street
vous vous eûtes contre-passé Vous eûtes contre-passé la rue You had crossed the street
ils ils eurent contre-passé Ils eurent contre-passé la rue They had crossed the street
elles elles eurent contre-passé Elles eurent contre-passé la rue They had crossed the street

Other Conjugations for Contre-Passer.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb contre-passer
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb contre-passer
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb contre-passer
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb contre-passer
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb contre-passer
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb contre-passer
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb contre-passer
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb contre-passer (this article)

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb contre-passer

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb contre-passer

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb contre-passer
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb contre-passer

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb contre-passer
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb contre-passer
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb contre-passer

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb contre-passer

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb contre-passer

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Contre-Passer – About the French Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense

The French Passé Antérieur tense, often referred to as the “past anterior” in English, is a literary and formal past tense that is not commonly used in everyday spoken French. It is primarily found in written language, particularly in literature, historical texts, and formal writing. This tense is used to express actions that occurred before another action in the past, serving a similar purpose to the past perfect tense (passé composé) in English.

NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation of the Passé Antérieur

The Passé Antérieur is formed by using the third person singular of the passé simple (simple past) tense of the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être,” followed by the past participle of the main verb. 
The choice between “avoir” and “être” as the auxiliary verb depends on the main verb and its transitivity or intransitivity. Here is the basic structure:
1. For verbs that use “avoir” as the auxiliary verb:
   – J’eus (I had) + past participle (of the main verb)
2. For verbs that use “être” as the auxiliary verb:
   – Je fus (I was) + past participle (of the main verb)

Common Usage Patterns

As mentioned earlier, the Passé Antérieur is primarily used in formal and literary contexts. It is rarely used in everyday spoken French, where the passé composé and imparfait are more commonly used to express past actions. Some common patterns of usage include:

Literature

The Passé Antérieur is frequently used in literature to describe past events in a succinct and formal manner.

Historical Texts

It is used in historical narratives to recount past actions and events.

Formal Writing

In formal and academic writing, the Passé Antérieur can be employed to convey events in the past with a sense of formality and precision.

Interactions with Other Tenses

The Passé Antérieur often interacts with other tenses, especially when narrating past events in a chronological order:

Passé Composé (Present Perfect)

The Passé Antérieur can be used to indicate an action that occurred before another action expressed in the passé composé. For example: “Il eut terminé son travail avant que je ne sois arrivé.” (He had finished his work before I arrived).

Imparfait (Imperfect)

The Passé Antérieur may be used in conjunction with the imparfait to convey a sequence of past actions. For instance: “Elle arriva après que nous eûmes commencé.” (She arrived after we had started).

Futur Antérieur (Future Perfect)

In the context of storytelling or narration, the Passé Antérieur can be used to describe events that happened before a future action expressed in the futur antérieur. For example: “Il partira après qu’il aura fini.” (He will leave after he has finished).

Summary

Passé Antérieur is a formal past tense used in written language and literary contexts to describe actions that occurred before another action in the past. It is not commonly used in everyday spoken French where you should instead use the passé composé and imparfait for discussing past events.

I hope you enjoyed this article on the verb contre-passer. Still in a learning mood? Check out another TOTALLY random French verb conjugation!

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