Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défatiguer

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb défatiguer

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The English translation of the French verb défatiguer is “to refresh” or “to relieve fatigue.” It is pronounced as “day-fah-tee-gheh.”

Défatiguer comes from the Latin word “defatigare,” which means “to tire out” or “to exhaust.” It is most commonly used in everyday French to describe the act of relieving someone’s fatigue or exhaustion.

In the Passé Antérieur tense, défatiguer is used to describe actions that were completed in the past before another action took place. For example:

  1. Quand elle eut défatigué ses jambes, elle se mit à courir. (When she had refreshed her legs, she started to run.)
  2. Nous eûmes défatigué nos muscles avant de recommencer l’entraînement. (We had relieved our muscles before starting the training again.)
  3. Vous eûtes défatigué vos esprits avant de prendre la décision finale. (You had refreshed your minds before making the final decision.)

Table of the Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of défatiguer

Pronoun Conjugation Short Example English Translation
je j’eus défatigué J’eus défatigué I had rested/relaxed
tu tu eusses défatigué Tu eusses défatigué You had rested/relaxed
il il eût défatigué Il eût défatigué He had rested/relaxed
elle elle eût défatigué Elle eût défatigué She had rested/relaxed
on on eût défatigué On eût défatigué One had rested/relaxed
nous nous eûmes défatigué Nous eûmes défatigué We had rested/relaxed
vous vous eûtes défatigué Vous eûtes défatigué You had rested/relaxed
ils ils eurent défatigué Ils eurent défatigué They had rested/relaxed
elles elles eurent défatigué Elles eurent défatigué They had rested/relaxed

Other Conjugations for Défatiguer.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb défatiguer
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défatiguer
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défatiguer
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défatiguer
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défatiguer
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défatiguer
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défatiguer
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défatiguer (this article)

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défatiguer

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défatiguer

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défatiguer
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défatiguer

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défatiguer
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défatiguer
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défatiguer

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défatiguer

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défatiguer

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Défatiguer – About the French Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense

The French Passé Antérieur tense, often referred to as the “past anterior” in English, is a literary and formal past tense that is not commonly used in everyday spoken French. It is primarily found in written language, particularly in literature, historical texts, and formal writing. This tense is used to express actions that occurred before another action in the past, serving a similar purpose to the past perfect tense (passé composé) in English.

NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation of the Passé Antérieur

The Passé Antérieur is formed by using the third person singular of the passé simple (simple past) tense of the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être,” followed by the past participle of the main verb. 
The choice between “avoir” and “être” as the auxiliary verb depends on the main verb and its transitivity or intransitivity. Here is the basic structure:
1. For verbs that use “avoir” as the auxiliary verb:
   – J’eus (I had) + past participle (of the main verb)
2. For verbs that use “être” as the auxiliary verb:
   – Je fus (I was) + past participle (of the main verb)

Common Usage Patterns

As mentioned earlier, the Passé Antérieur is primarily used in formal and literary contexts. It is rarely used in everyday spoken French, where the passé composé and imparfait are more commonly used to express past actions. Some common patterns of usage include:

Literature

The Passé Antérieur is frequently used in literature to describe past events in a succinct and formal manner.

Historical Texts

It is used in historical narratives to recount past actions and events.

Formal Writing

In formal and academic writing, the Passé Antérieur can be employed to convey events in the past with a sense of formality and precision.

Interactions with Other Tenses

The Passé Antérieur often interacts with other tenses, especially when narrating past events in a chronological order:

Passé Composé (Present Perfect)

The Passé Antérieur can be used to indicate an action that occurred before another action expressed in the passé composé. For example: “Il eut terminé son travail avant que je ne sois arrivé.” (He had finished his work before I arrived).

Imparfait (Imperfect)

The Passé Antérieur may be used in conjunction with the imparfait to convey a sequence of past actions. For instance: “Elle arriva après que nous eûmes commencé.” (She arrived after we had started).

Futur Antérieur (Future Perfect)

In the context of storytelling or narration, the Passé Antérieur can be used to describe events that happened before a future action expressed in the futur antérieur. For example: “Il partira après qu’il aura fini.” (He will leave after he has finished).

Summary

Passé Antérieur is a formal past tense used in written language and literary contexts to describe actions that occurred before another action in the past. It is not commonly used in everyday spoken French where you should instead use the passé composé and imparfait for discussing past events.

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