Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb attrister

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb attrister

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The English translation of the French verb attrister is “to sadden” or “to upset”. The infinitive form is pronounced as “ah-tree-stay.”

The word attrister comes from the Old French term “attristier”, which is derived from the Latin word “attristare” meaning “to make sad”. It is most commonly used in everyday French in the Plus-que-parfait tense, which is the past perfect tense.

Here are three simple examples of its usage in this tense, along with their English translations:

  1. J’avais attristé mon ami en lui disant la vérité. (I had saddened my friend by telling him the truth.)
  2. Elle avait attristé sa mère en refusant de venir en vacances avec elle. (She had upset her mother by refusing to go on vacation with her.)
  3. Ils avaient attristé tout le monde en annonçant leur départ. (They had saddened everyone by announcing their departure.)

Table of the Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of attrister

Pronoun Conjugation Short Example English Translation
je j’avais attristé J’avais attristé mes parents. I had saddened my parents.
tu tu avais attristé Tu avais attristé ton ami. You had saddened your friend.
il il avait attristé Il avait attristé son frère. He had saddened his brother.
elle elle avait attristé Elle avait attristé sa soeur. She had saddened her sister.
on on avait attristé On avait attristé tout le monde. One had saddened everyone.
nous nous avions attristé Nous avions attristé la famille. We had saddened the family.
vous vous aviez attristé Vous aviez attristé votre voisin. You had saddened your neighbor.
ils ils avaient attristé Ils avaient attristé leurs amis. They had saddened their friends.
elles elles avaient attristé Elles avaient attristé leurs parents. They had saddened their parents.

Other Conjugations for Attrister.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb attrister
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb attrister
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb attrister
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb attrister
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb attrister
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb attrister
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb attrister     (this article)

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb attrister

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb attrister

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb attrister

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb attrister
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb attrister

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb attrister
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb attrister
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb attrister

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb attrister

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb attrister

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Attrister – About the French Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense

The French “plus-que-parfait” tense is a past tense used to express actions or events that occurred before another past action or event. It is often translated to English as the “pluperfect” tense. The name “plus-que-parfait” literally means “more than perfect,” indicating that it is a tense used to describe actions that were completed before a specific point in the past.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Tense Formation

To form the plus-que-parfait tense, you typically use the auxiliary verb “avoir” (to have) or “être” (to be) in the imperfect tense, followed by the past participle of the main verb. Here are the conjugations for both auxiliary verbs:
1. With “avoir” as the auxiliary verb:
   – J’avais mangé (I had eaten)
   – Tu avais parlé (You had spoken)
   – Il/elle/on avait fini (He/She/One had finished)
   – Nous avions lu (We had read)
   – Vous aviez choisi (You had chosen)
   – Ils/elles avaient joué (They had played)
2. With “être” as the auxiliary verb (usually for intransitive verbs or verbs indicating a state):
   – J’étais parti(e) (I had left)
   – Tu étais arrivé(e) (You had arrived)
   – Il/elle/on était tombé(e) (He/She/One had fallen)
   – Nous étions resté(e)s (We had stayed)
   – Vous étiez né(e)(s) (You had been born)
   – Ils/elles étaient monté(e)s (They had gone up)

Common everyday usage patterns

Sequencing of past events

The plus-que-parfait is used to express a past action that happened before another past action. For example, “J’avais mangé avant qu’il ne soit arrivé” (I had eaten before he arrived).

Background information

It is also used to provide background information or set the stage for a main past event. For instance, “Quand je suis arrivé, ils avaient déjà fini de manger” (When I arrived, they had already finished eating).

Hypothetical or reported speech

In indirect speech, the plus-que-parfait is used to report what someone had said or thought in the past. For example, “Il avait dit qu’il viendrait demain” (He had said that he would come tomorrow).

Interactions with other tenses

– The plus-que-parfait is often used in conjunction with the passé composé (simple past) to establish the sequence of past events. The passé composé describes the more recent action, while the plus-que-parfait describes the action that occurred earlier.
– It can also be used with the conditional mood to express a hypothetical past event, like “Si j’avais su, j’aurais agi différemment” (If I had known, I would have acted differently).
– When used in reported speech, it can be combined with the conditional mood or the imperfect subjunctive to reflect the original mood and tense of the reported statement.

Summary

The French plus-que-parfait tense is an essential part of the language for expressing past actions that occurred before other past actions, providing background information, and reporting past statements or thoughts. It is an integral component of constructing complex and accurate narratives in French.

I hope you enjoyed this article on the verb attrister. Still in a learning mood? Check out another TOTALLY random French verb conjugation!

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