Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb cagnarder

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The English translation of the French verb cagnarder is “to bask in the sun”. The infinitive form, cagnarder, is pronounced as “kah-nya-dhay”.

The word cagnarder comes from the word “cagne”, which means “warmth” or “heat” in old French. It is primarily used in the southwestern regions of France, such as Occitania, and is often associated with the Provençal dialect.

In everyday French, cagnarder is most commonly used in the Plus-que-parfait tense, which is the past perfect tense. This tense is used to describe an action that had already been completed in the past before another action took place.

Three simple examples of cagnarder in the Plus-que-parfait tense are:

  1. J’avais cagnardé toute la journée avant que les nuages n’arrivent. (I had been basking in the sun all day before the clouds arrived.)

  2. Ils avaient cagnardé sur la plage avant de se baigner. (They had been sunbathing at the beach before going for a swim.)

  3. Tu avais cagnardé sur la terrasse jusqu’à ce que le soleil se couche. (You had been basking on the terrace until the sun set.)

Table of the Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of cagnarder

Pronoun Conjugation Short Example English Translation
je j’avais cagnardé J’avais cagnardé sous le soleil. I had sunbathed under the sun.
tu tu avais cagnardé Tu avais cagnardé toute la journée. You had sunbathed all day.
il il avait cagnardé Il avait cagnardé sur la plage. He had sunbathed on the beach.
elle elle avait cagnardé Elle avait cagnardé dans le jardin. She had sunbathed in the garden.
on on avait cagnardé On avait cagnardé au bord de la piscine. One had sunbathed by the pool.
nous nous avions cagnardé Nous avions cagnardé à l’extérieur. We had sunbathed outside.
vous vous aviez cagnardé Vous aviez cagnardé sur la terrasse. You had sunbathed on the terrace.
ils ils avaient cagnardé Ils avaient cagnardé sur le bateau. They had sunbathed on the boat.
elles elles avaient cagnardé Elles avaient cagnardé à la campagne. They had sunbathed in the countryside.

Other Conjugations for Cagnarder.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder     (this article)

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Cagnarder – About the French Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense

The French “plus-que-parfait” tense is a past tense used to express actions or events that occurred before another past action or event. It is often translated to English as the “pluperfect” tense. The name “plus-que-parfait” literally means “more than perfect,” indicating that it is a tense used to describe actions that were completed before a specific point in the past.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Tense Formation

To form the plus-que-parfait tense, you typically use the auxiliary verb “avoir” (to have) or “être” (to be) in the imperfect tense, followed by the past participle of the main verb. Here are the conjugations for both auxiliary verbs:
1. With “avoir” as the auxiliary verb:
   – J’avais mangé (I had eaten)
   – Tu avais parlé (You had spoken)
   – Il/elle/on avait fini (He/She/One had finished)
   – Nous avions lu (We had read)
   – Vous aviez choisi (You had chosen)
   – Ils/elles avaient joué (They had played)
2. With “être” as the auxiliary verb (usually for intransitive verbs or verbs indicating a state):
   – J’étais parti(e) (I had left)
   – Tu étais arrivé(e) (You had arrived)
   – Il/elle/on était tombé(e) (He/She/One had fallen)
   – Nous étions resté(e)s (We had stayed)
   – Vous étiez né(e)(s) (You had been born)
   – Ils/elles étaient monté(e)s (They had gone up)

Common everyday usage patterns

Sequencing of past events

The plus-que-parfait is used to express a past action that happened before another past action. For example, “J’avais mangé avant qu’il ne soit arrivé” (I had eaten before he arrived).

Background information

It is also used to provide background information or set the stage for a main past event. For instance, “Quand je suis arrivé, ils avaient déjà fini de manger” (When I arrived, they had already finished eating).

Hypothetical or reported speech

In indirect speech, the plus-que-parfait is used to report what someone had said or thought in the past. For example, “Il avait dit qu’il viendrait demain” (He had said that he would come tomorrow).

Interactions with other tenses

– The plus-que-parfait is often used in conjunction with the passé composé (simple past) to establish the sequence of past events. The passé composé describes the more recent action, while the plus-que-parfait describes the action that occurred earlier.
– It can also be used with the conditional mood to express a hypothetical past event, like “Si j’avais su, j’aurais agi différemment” (If I had known, I would have acted differently).
– When used in reported speech, it can be combined with the conditional mood or the imperfect subjunctive to reflect the original mood and tense of the reported statement.

Summary

The French plus-que-parfait tense is an essential part of the language for expressing past actions that occurred before other past actions, providing background information, and reporting past statements or thoughts. It is an integral component of constructing complex and accurate narratives in French.

I hope you enjoyed this article on the verb cagnarder. Still in a learning mood? Check out another TOTALLY random French verb conjugation!

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