Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb cagnarder

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The English translation of the French verb cagnarder is “to sunbathe” or “to bask in the sun.” It is pronounced as “kan-yar-dey.”

The word cagnarder comes from the French noun “cagnard,” which means “hot sun” or “heat.” It is derived from the Latin word “canicula,” which means “small sun” or “dog days of summer.” In everyday French, cagnarder is most often used in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense, which is a tense used to express a hypothetical or unreal situation in the past.

Examples of cagnarder in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense:

  1. J’avais prévu que tu cagnarderais toute la journée si le soleil était au rendez-vous. (I had predicted that you would have sunbathed all day if the sun had been out.)

  2. Si nous avions su qu’il allait faire si beau, nous aurions cagnardé sur la plage toute la journée. (If we had known it was going to be so beautiful, we would have sunbathed on the beach all day.)

  3. Elle m’a dit qu’elle aurait cagnardé toute la journée si elle n’avait pas eu à travailler. (She told me that she would have basked in the sun all day if she didn’t have to work.)

English translations:

  1. I had predicted that you would have sunbathed all day if the sun had been out.

  2. If we had known it was going to be so beautiful, we would have sunbathed on the beach all day.

  3. She told me that she would have basked in the sun all day if she didn’t have to work.

Table of the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of cagnarder

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je eusse cagnardé J’aurais aimé que je eusse cagnardé. I wish I had been basking.
tu eusses cagnardé J’aurais aimé que tu eusses cagnardé. I wish you had been basking.
il eût cagnardé J’aurais aimé qu’il eût cagnardé. I wish he had been basking.
elle eût cagnardé J’aurais aimé qu’elle eût cagnardé. I wish she had been basking.
on eût cagnardé J’aurais aimé qu’on eût cagnardé. I wish one had been basking.
nous eussions cagnardé J’aurais aimé que nous eussions cagnardé. I wish we had been basking.
vous eussiez cagnardé J’aurais aimé que vous eussiez cagnardé. I wish you had been basking.
ils eussent cagnardé J’aurais aimé qu’ils eussent cagnardé. I wish they had been basking.
elles eussent cagnardé J’aurais aimé qu’elles eussent cagnardé. I wish they had been basking.

Other Conjugations for Cagnarder.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb cagnarder
    (this article)

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Cagnarder – About the French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense

The French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, also known as the Pluperfect Subjunctive, is a verb tense used to express actions or states that occurred before another action in the past, and it’s used in situations where the indicative mood is in the past subjunctive or conditional mood.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation

To form the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, you start with the imperfect subjunctive form of the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être,” followed by the past participle of the main verb. 
For “avoir” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “avoir” (e.g., j’eusse, tu eusses, il/elle eût, nous eussions, vous eussiez, ils/elles eussent). Add the past participle of the main verb. 
For “être” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “être” (e.g., je fusse, tu fusses, il/elle fût, nous fussions, vous fussiez, ils/elles fussent). Add the past participle of the main verb.

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

Hypothetical Situations

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is often used to express hypothetical or unreal actions that occurred before another past action.
For example: J’aurais aimé que tu aies fini ton travail avant que je sois arrivé. (I would have liked for you to have finished your work before I arrived.) 

Reported Speech

In reported speech, you may use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait to convey what someone said or thought in the past. 
For example: Il m’a dit qu’il avait peur que je n’aie pas compris. (He told me that he was afraid that I hadn’t understood.) 

Doubt, Wishes, and Emotions

This tense can also be used to express doubt, wishes, and emotions about past actions. 
For example: Je doutais qu’il eût dit la vérité. (I doubted that he had told the truth.) 
J’aurais souhaité que tu fusses venu. (I would have wished for you to have come.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

Present Subjunctive

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to describe past actions when the main verb is in the present subjunctive. 
For example: “Il faut que j’aie fini mon travail avant que tu partes.” (I must have finished my work before you leave.) 

Imperfect Subjunctive

It’s common to use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait with the imperfect subjunctive in complex sentences. 
For example: “Il m’avait dit qu’il fût rentré avant la fin de la journée.” (He had told me that he had returned before the end of the day.) 

Conditional

When the main verb is in the conditional mood, the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to express past unreal conditions. 
For example: “Si j’avais su, j’aurais voulu que tu aies réussi.” (If I had known, I would have wanted you to have succeeded.)

Summary

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is a complex tense used to convey nuanced meanings in French. While its usage may seem intricate, it becomes more intuitive with practice and exposure to the language. It’s important to understand the context in which it’s used, as it often conveys subtleties of time, conditionality, and emotion in French sentences.

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