Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enjamber

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb enjamber

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The English translation of the French verb enjamber is “to stride over” or “to step over”. The infinitive form is pronounced as “ahn-zhahm-bay”.

The word enjamber comes from the Old French term “enjambe” which means “to straddle”. It ultimately comes from the Latin word “gamba”, meaning “leg”.

In everyday French, enjamber is most often used in the Plus-que-parfait tense, which is the past perfect tense. This tense is used to describe an action that was completed in the past before another action took place.

Some examples of enjamber in the Plus-que-parfait tense are:

  1. J’avais enjambé la rivière avant que la tempête n’arrive. (I had stepped over the river before the storm arrived.)
  2. Tu avais enjambé le mur pour entrer dans le jardin. (You had stridden over the wall to enter the garden.)
  3. Elle avait enjambé les obstacles pour atteindre son but. (She had straddled over the obstacles to reach her goal.)

Table of the Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of enjamber

Pronoun Conjugation Short Example English Translation
je j’avais enjambé J’avais enjambé la clôture. I had stepped over the fence.
tu tu avais enjambé Tu avais enjambé le ruisseau. You had stepped over the stream.
il il avait enjambé Il avait enjambé le fossé. He had stepped over the ditch.
elle elle avait enjambé Elle avait enjambé la barrière. She had stepped over the gate.
on on avait enjambé On avait enjambé le mur. One had stepped over the wall.
nous nous avions enjambé Nous avions enjambé le pont. We had stepped over the bridge.
vous vous aviez enjambé Vous aviez enjambé la rivière. You had stepped over the river.
ils ils avaient enjambé Ils avaient enjambé la rivière. They had stepped over the river.
elles elles avaient enjambé Elles avaient enjambé la clôture. They had stepped over the fence.

Other Conjugations for Enjamber.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb enjamber
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enjamber
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enjamber
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enjamber
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enjamber
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enjamber
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enjamber     (this article)

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enjamber

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enjamber

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enjamber

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enjamber
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enjamber

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enjamber
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enjamber
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enjamber

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enjamber

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enjamber

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Enjamber – About the French Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense

The French “plus-que-parfait” tense is a past tense used to express actions or events that occurred before another past action or event. It is often translated to English as the “pluperfect” tense. The name “plus-que-parfait” literally means “more than perfect,” indicating that it is a tense used to describe actions that were completed before a specific point in the past.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Tense Formation

To form the plus-que-parfait tense, you typically use the auxiliary verb “avoir” (to have) or “être” (to be) in the imperfect tense, followed by the past participle of the main verb. Here are the conjugations for both auxiliary verbs:
1. With “avoir” as the auxiliary verb:
   – J’avais mangé (I had eaten)
   – Tu avais parlé (You had spoken)
   – Il/elle/on avait fini (He/She/One had finished)
   – Nous avions lu (We had read)
   – Vous aviez choisi (You had chosen)
   – Ils/elles avaient joué (They had played)
2. With “être” as the auxiliary verb (usually for intransitive verbs or verbs indicating a state):
   – J’étais parti(e) (I had left)
   – Tu étais arrivé(e) (You had arrived)
   – Il/elle/on était tombé(e) (He/She/One had fallen)
   – Nous étions resté(e)s (We had stayed)
   – Vous étiez né(e)(s) (You had been born)
   – Ils/elles étaient monté(e)s (They had gone up)

Common everyday usage patterns

Sequencing of past events

The plus-que-parfait is used to express a past action that happened before another past action. For example, “J’avais mangé avant qu’il ne soit arrivé” (I had eaten before he arrived).

Background information

It is also used to provide background information or set the stage for a main past event. For instance, “Quand je suis arrivé, ils avaient déjà fini de manger” (When I arrived, they had already finished eating).

Hypothetical or reported speech

In indirect speech, the plus-que-parfait is used to report what someone had said or thought in the past. For example, “Il avait dit qu’il viendrait demain” (He had said that he would come tomorrow).

Interactions with other tenses

– The plus-que-parfait is often used in conjunction with the passé composé (simple past) to establish the sequence of past events. The passé composé describes the more recent action, while the plus-que-parfait describes the action that occurred earlier.
– It can also be used with the conditional mood to express a hypothetical past event, like “Si j’avais su, j’aurais agi différemment” (If I had known, I would have acted differently).
– When used in reported speech, it can be combined with the conditional mood or the imperfect subjunctive to reflect the original mood and tense of the reported statement.

Summary

The French plus-que-parfait tense is an essential part of the language for expressing past actions that occurred before other past actions, providing background information, and reporting past statements or thoughts. It is an integral component of constructing complex and accurate narratives in French.

I hope you enjoyed this article on the verb enjamber. Still in a learning mood? Check out another TOTALLY random French verb conjugation!

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