Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extérioriser

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb extérioriser

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The English translation of the French verb extérioriser is “to externalize.” It is pronounced as “ek-stey-ree-yuh-ree-zey.”

The verb extérioriser comes from the Latin word “exterior,” meaning “outer” or “external.” In everyday French, it is most often used in the plus-que-parfait tense to express an action that was completed in the past before another action took place. It is used to describe something that was externalized or made external in the past.

Examples:

  1. J’avais déjà extériorisé mes émotions avant qu’elle n’arrive. (I had already externalized my emotions before she arrived.)
  2. Ils avaient extériorisé leurs opinions sur le projet avant la réunion. (They had externalized their opinions on the project before the meeting.)
  3. Tu avais extériorisé ta colère avant même de comprendre la situation. (You had externalized your anger before even understanding the situation.)

English translations:

  1. I had already externalized my emotions before she arrived.
  2. They had externalized their opinions on the project before the meeting.
  3. You had externalized your anger before even understanding the situation.

Table of the Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of extérioriser

Pronoun Conjugation Short Example English Translation
je j’avais extériorisé J’avais extériorisé mes sentiments. I had expressed my feelings.
tu tu avais extériorisé Tu avais extériorisé ta colère. You had expressed your anger.
il il avait extériorisé Il avait extériorisé sa douleur. He had expressed his pain.
elle elle avait extériorisé Elle avait extériorisé sa peur. She had expressed her fear.
on on avait extériorisé On avait extériorisé ses émotions. One had expressed one’s emotions.
nous nous avions extériorisé Nous avions extériorisé nos opinions. We had expressed our opinions.
vous vous aviez extériorisé Vous aviez extériorisé vos idées. You had expressed your ideas.
ils ils avaient extériorisé Ils avaient extériorisé leurs préoccupations. They had expressed their concerns.
elles elles avaient extériorisé Elles avaient extériorisé leur joie. They had expressed their joy.

Other Conjugations for Extérioriser.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb extérioriser
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extérioriser
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extérioriser
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extérioriser
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extérioriser
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extérioriser
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extérioriser     (this article)

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extérioriser

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extérioriser

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extérioriser

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extérioriser
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extérioriser

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extérioriser
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extérioriser
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extérioriser

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extérioriser

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extérioriser

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Extérioriser – About the French Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense

The French “plus-que-parfait” tense is a past tense used to express actions or events that occurred before another past action or event. It is often translated to English as the “pluperfect” tense. The name “plus-que-parfait” literally means “more than perfect,” indicating that it is a tense used to describe actions that were completed before a specific point in the past.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Tense Formation

To form the plus-que-parfait tense, you typically use the auxiliary verb “avoir” (to have) or “être” (to be) in the imperfect tense, followed by the past participle of the main verb. Here are the conjugations for both auxiliary verbs:
1. With “avoir” as the auxiliary verb:
   – J’avais mangé (I had eaten)
   – Tu avais parlé (You had spoken)
   – Il/elle/on avait fini (He/She/One had finished)
   – Nous avions lu (We had read)
   – Vous aviez choisi (You had chosen)
   – Ils/elles avaient joué (They had played)
2. With “être” as the auxiliary verb (usually for intransitive verbs or verbs indicating a state):
   – J’étais parti(e) (I had left)
   – Tu étais arrivé(e) (You had arrived)
   – Il/elle/on était tombé(e) (He/She/One had fallen)
   – Nous étions resté(e)s (We had stayed)
   – Vous étiez né(e)(s) (You had been born)
   – Ils/elles étaient monté(e)s (They had gone up)

Common everyday usage patterns

Sequencing of past events

The plus-que-parfait is used to express a past action that happened before another past action. For example, “J’avais mangé avant qu’il ne soit arrivé” (I had eaten before he arrived).

Background information

It is also used to provide background information or set the stage for a main past event. For instance, “Quand je suis arrivé, ils avaient déjà fini de manger” (When I arrived, they had already finished eating).

Hypothetical or reported speech

In indirect speech, the plus-que-parfait is used to report what someone had said or thought in the past. For example, “Il avait dit qu’il viendrait demain” (He had said that he would come tomorrow).

Interactions with other tenses

– The plus-que-parfait is often used in conjunction with the passé composé (simple past) to establish the sequence of past events. The passé composé describes the more recent action, while the plus-que-parfait describes the action that occurred earlier.
– It can also be used with the conditional mood to express a hypothetical past event, like “Si j’avais su, j’aurais agi différemment” (If I had known, I would have acted differently).
– When used in reported speech, it can be combined with the conditional mood or the imperfect subjunctive to reflect the original mood and tense of the reported statement.

Summary

The French plus-que-parfait tense is an essential part of the language for expressing past actions that occurred before other past actions, providing background information, and reporting past statements or thoughts. It is an integral component of constructing complex and accurate narratives in French.

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