Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb hypertrophier

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb hypertrophier

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The English translation of the French verb hypertrophier is “to hypertrophy.” The infinitive form is pronounced “ee-pair-trof-yay.”

Hypertrophier comes from the Greek roots “hyper,” meaning “above” or “beyond,” and “trophe,” meaning “nourishment” or “nourish.” In everyday French, it is most often used in the medical field to refer to excessive growth or enlargement of a part of the body due to increased nourishment.

Example 1: J’avais hypertrophié mon biceps en soulevant des poids trop lourds. (I had hypertrophied my bicep by lifting weights that were too heavy.)

Example 2: Elle avait hypertrophié ses muscles en s’entrainant intensément pour la compétition. (She had hypertrophied her muscles by training intensely for the competition.)

Example 3: Mon chat avait hypertrophié son foie en mangeant trop de nourriture grasse. (My cat had hypertrophied his liver by eating too much fatty food.)

Table of the Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of hypertrophier

Pronoun Conjugation Short Example English Translation
je j’avais hypertrophié J’avais hypertrophié mes muscles. I had hypertrophied my muscles.
tu tu avais hypertrophié Tu avais hypertrophié tes muscles. You had hypertrophied your muscles.
il il avait hypertrophié Il avait hypertrophié son cœur. He had hypertrophied his heart.
elle elle avait hypertrophié Elle avait hypertrophié sa jambe. She had hypertrophied her leg.
on on avait hypertrophié On avait hypertrophié son corps. One had hypertrophied one’s body.
nous nous avions hypertrophié Nous avions hypertrophié nos muscles. We had hypertrophied our muscles.
vous vous aviez hypertrophié Vous aviez hypertrophié vos muscles. You had hypertrophied your muscles.
ils ils avaient hypertrophié Ils avaient hypertrophié leurs muscles. They had hypertrophied their muscles.
elles elles avaient hypertrophié Elles avaient hypertrophié leurs muscles. They had hypertrophied their muscles.

Other Conjugations for Hypertrophier.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb hypertrophier
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb hypertrophier
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb hypertrophier
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb hypertrophier
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb hypertrophier
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb hypertrophier
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb hypertrophier     (this article)

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb hypertrophier

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb hypertrophier

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb hypertrophier

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb hypertrophier
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb hypertrophier

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb hypertrophier
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb hypertrophier
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb hypertrophier

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb hypertrophier

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb hypertrophier

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Hypertrophier – About the French Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense

The French “plus-que-parfait” tense is a past tense used to express actions or events that occurred before another past action or event. It is often translated to English as the “pluperfect” tense. The name “plus-que-parfait” literally means “more than perfect,” indicating that it is a tense used to describe actions that were completed before a specific point in the past.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Tense Formation

To form the plus-que-parfait tense, you typically use the auxiliary verb “avoir” (to have) or “être” (to be) in the imperfect tense, followed by the past participle of the main verb. Here are the conjugations for both auxiliary verbs:
1. With “avoir” as the auxiliary verb:
   – J’avais mangé (I had eaten)
   – Tu avais parlé (You had spoken)
   – Il/elle/on avait fini (He/She/One had finished)
   – Nous avions lu (We had read)
   – Vous aviez choisi (You had chosen)
   – Ils/elles avaient joué (They had played)
2. With “être” as the auxiliary verb (usually for intransitive verbs or verbs indicating a state):
   – J’étais parti(e) (I had left)
   – Tu étais arrivé(e) (You had arrived)
   – Il/elle/on était tombé(e) (He/She/One had fallen)
   – Nous étions resté(e)s (We had stayed)
   – Vous étiez né(e)(s) (You had been born)
   – Ils/elles étaient monté(e)s (They had gone up)

Common everyday usage patterns

Sequencing of past events

The plus-que-parfait is used to express a past action that happened before another past action. For example, “J’avais mangé avant qu’il ne soit arrivé” (I had eaten before he arrived).

Background information

It is also used to provide background information or set the stage for a main past event. For instance, “Quand je suis arrivé, ils avaient déjà fini de manger” (When I arrived, they had already finished eating).

Hypothetical or reported speech

In indirect speech, the plus-que-parfait is used to report what someone had said or thought in the past. For example, “Il avait dit qu’il viendrait demain” (He had said that he would come tomorrow).

Interactions with other tenses

– The plus-que-parfait is often used in conjunction with the passé composé (simple past) to establish the sequence of past events. The passé composé describes the more recent action, while the plus-que-parfait describes the action that occurred earlier.
– It can also be used with the conditional mood to express a hypothetical past event, like “Si j’avais su, j’aurais agi différemment” (If I had known, I would have acted differently).
– When used in reported speech, it can be combined with the conditional mood or the imperfect subjunctive to reflect the original mood and tense of the reported statement.

Summary

The French plus-que-parfait tense is an essential part of the language for expressing past actions that occurred before other past actions, providing background information, and reporting past statements or thoughts. It is an integral component of constructing complex and accurate narratives in French.

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