Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb insulter

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb insulter

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The English translation of the French verb insulter is “to insult.” It is pronounced “ahn-soo-tey” in the infinitive form.

The word insulter comes from the Latin word “insultare,” which means “to leap upon or attack.” In everyday French, insulter is used to describe someone who says or does something offensive, rude, or disrespectful towards another person.

Examples of insulter in the Plus-que-parfait tense:

  1. J’avais insulté mon professeur avant de réaliser que j’avais tort.
    Translation: I had insulted my teacher before realizing that I was wrong.

  2. Tu avais insulté ta voisine avant qu’elle ne déménage.
    Translation: You had insulted your neighbor before she moved away.

  3. Il avait insulté ses camarades de classe avant d’être puni par le directeur.
    Translation: He had insulted his classmates before being punished by the principal.

Table of the Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of insulter

Pronoun Conjugation Short Example English Translation
je j’avais insulté J’avais insulté mon voisin. I had insulted my neighbor.
tu tu avais insulté Tu avais insulté ta soeur. You had insulted your sister.
il il avait insulté Il avait insulté son patron. He had insulted his boss.
elle elle avait insulté Elle avait insulté sa collègue. She had insulted her colleague.
on on avait insulté On avait insulté un inconnu. One had insulted a stranger.
nous nous avions insulté Nous avions insulté nos voisins. We had insulted our neighbors.
vous vous aviez insulté Vous aviez insulté vos amis. You had insulted your friends.
ils ils avaient insulté Ils avaient insulté leur professeur. They had insulted their teacher.
elles elles avaient insulté Elles avaient insulté leur collègue. They had insulted their colleague.

Other Conjugations for Insulter.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb insulter
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb insulter
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb insulter
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb insulter
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb insulter
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb insulter
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb insulter     (this article)

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb insulter

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb insulter

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb insulter

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb insulter
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb insulter

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb insulter
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb insulter
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb insulter

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb insulter

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb insulter

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Insulter – About the French Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense

The French “plus-que-parfait” tense is a past tense used to express actions or events that occurred before another past action or event. It is often translated to English as the “pluperfect” tense. The name “plus-que-parfait” literally means “more than perfect,” indicating that it is a tense used to describe actions that were completed before a specific point in the past.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Tense Formation

To form the plus-que-parfait tense, you typically use the auxiliary verb “avoir” (to have) or “être” (to be) in the imperfect tense, followed by the past participle of the main verb. Here are the conjugations for both auxiliary verbs:
1. With “avoir” as the auxiliary verb:
   – J’avais mangé (I had eaten)
   – Tu avais parlé (You had spoken)
   – Il/elle/on avait fini (He/She/One had finished)
   – Nous avions lu (We had read)
   – Vous aviez choisi (You had chosen)
   – Ils/elles avaient joué (They had played)
2. With “être” as the auxiliary verb (usually for intransitive verbs or verbs indicating a state):
   – J’étais parti(e) (I had left)
   – Tu étais arrivé(e) (You had arrived)
   – Il/elle/on était tombé(e) (He/She/One had fallen)
   – Nous étions resté(e)s (We had stayed)
   – Vous étiez né(e)(s) (You had been born)
   – Ils/elles étaient monté(e)s (They had gone up)

Common everyday usage patterns

Sequencing of past events

The plus-que-parfait is used to express a past action that happened before another past action. For example, “J’avais mangé avant qu’il ne soit arrivé” (I had eaten before he arrived).

Background information

It is also used to provide background information or set the stage for a main past event. For instance, “Quand je suis arrivé, ils avaient déjà fini de manger” (When I arrived, they had already finished eating).

Hypothetical or reported speech

In indirect speech, the plus-que-parfait is used to report what someone had said or thought in the past. For example, “Il avait dit qu’il viendrait demain” (He had said that he would come tomorrow).

Interactions with other tenses

– The plus-que-parfait is often used in conjunction with the passé composé (simple past) to establish the sequence of past events. The passé composé describes the more recent action, while the plus-que-parfait describes the action that occurred earlier.
– It can also be used with the conditional mood to express a hypothetical past event, like “Si j’avais su, j’aurais agi différemment” (If I had known, I would have acted differently).
– When used in reported speech, it can be combined with the conditional mood or the imperfect subjunctive to reflect the original mood and tense of the reported statement.

Summary

The French plus-que-parfait tense is an essential part of the language for expressing past actions that occurred before other past actions, providing background information, and reporting past statements or thoughts. It is an integral component of constructing complex and accurate narratives in French.

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