Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb libeller

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb libeller

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The English translation of the French verb libeller is “to libel” or “to slander.” It is pronounced lee-buh-leh in the infinitive form.

The word libeller comes from the Latin verb “libellare” meaning “to write” or “to label.” In everyday French, it is most often used to describe the act of writing or publishing something that is false and damaging to someone’s reputation. In the Plus-que-parfait tense, it is used to describe an action that had been completed before another past action.

Example 1: Elle avait libellé un article diffamatoire contre son ancien employeur. (She had published a defamatory article against her former employer.)

Example 2: J’avais libellé un poème pour elle, mais elle n’a jamais su. (I had written a poem for her, but she never knew.)

Example 3: Ils avaient libellé une pétition contre la loi controversée. (They had drafted a petition against the controversial law.)

Table of the Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of libeller

Pronoun Conjugation Short Example English Translation
je j’avais libellé J’avais libellé le contrat. I had labeled the contract.
tu tu avais libellé Tu avais libellé la facture. You had labeled the invoice.
il il avait libellé Il avait libellé le reçu. He had labeled the receipt.
elle elle avait libellé Elle avait libellé l’étiquette. She had labeled the label.
on on avait libellé On avait libellé le colis. One had labeled the package.
nous nous avions libellé Nous avions libellé le message. We had labeled the message.
vous vous aviez libellé Vous aviez libellé le document. You had labeled the document.
ils ils avaient libellé Ils avaient libellé le paquet. They had labeled the package.
elles elles avaient libellé Elles avaient libellé le bulletin. They had labeled the bulletin.

Other Conjugations for Libeller.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb libeller
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb libeller
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb libeller
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb libeller
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb libeller
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb libeller
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb libeller     (this article)

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb libeller

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb libeller

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb libeller

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb libeller
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb libeller

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb libeller
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb libeller
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb libeller

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb libeller

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb libeller

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Libeller – About the French Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense

The French “plus-que-parfait” tense is a past tense used to express actions or events that occurred before another past action or event. It is often translated to English as the “pluperfect” tense. The name “plus-que-parfait” literally means “more than perfect,” indicating that it is a tense used to describe actions that were completed before a specific point in the past.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Tense Formation

To form the plus-que-parfait tense, you typically use the auxiliary verb “avoir” (to have) or “être” (to be) in the imperfect tense, followed by the past participle of the main verb. Here are the conjugations for both auxiliary verbs:
1. With “avoir” as the auxiliary verb:
   – J’avais mangé (I had eaten)
   – Tu avais parlé (You had spoken)
   – Il/elle/on avait fini (He/She/One had finished)
   – Nous avions lu (We had read)
   – Vous aviez choisi (You had chosen)
   – Ils/elles avaient joué (They had played)
2. With “être” as the auxiliary verb (usually for intransitive verbs or verbs indicating a state):
   – J’étais parti(e) (I had left)
   – Tu étais arrivé(e) (You had arrived)
   – Il/elle/on était tombé(e) (He/She/One had fallen)
   – Nous étions resté(e)s (We had stayed)
   – Vous étiez né(e)(s) (You had been born)
   – Ils/elles étaient monté(e)s (They had gone up)

Common everyday usage patterns

Sequencing of past events

The plus-que-parfait is used to express a past action that happened before another past action. For example, “J’avais mangé avant qu’il ne soit arrivé” (I had eaten before he arrived).

Background information

It is also used to provide background information or set the stage for a main past event. For instance, “Quand je suis arrivé, ils avaient déjà fini de manger” (When I arrived, they had already finished eating).

Hypothetical or reported speech

In indirect speech, the plus-que-parfait is used to report what someone had said or thought in the past. For example, “Il avait dit qu’il viendrait demain” (He had said that he would come tomorrow).

Interactions with other tenses

– The plus-que-parfait is often used in conjunction with the passé composé (simple past) to establish the sequence of past events. The passé composé describes the more recent action, while the plus-que-parfait describes the action that occurred earlier.
– It can also be used with the conditional mood to express a hypothetical past event, like “Si j’avais su, j’aurais agi différemment” (If I had known, I would have acted differently).
– When used in reported speech, it can be combined with the conditional mood or the imperfect subjunctive to reflect the original mood and tense of the reported statement.

Summary

The French plus-que-parfait tense is an essential part of the language for expressing past actions that occurred before other past actions, providing background information, and reporting past statements or thoughts. It is an integral component of constructing complex and accurate narratives in French.

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