Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exhorter

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb exhorter

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The English translation of the French verb exhorter is “to exhort” or “to urge”. The infinitive form, exhorter, is pronounced as “eg-zor-tay”.

The word exhorter comes from the Latin verb “exhortari”, which means “to encourage”. In everyday French, it is most often used in the Plus-que-parfait tense, which is the past perfect tense.

Three simple examples of its usage in this tense are:

  1. J’avais exhorté mes amis à étudier pour leur examen. (I had urged my friends to study for their exam.)

  2. Le coach avait exhorté son équipe à se battre jusqu’au bout. (The coach had exhorted his team to fight until the end.)

  3. Elle avait exhorté son mari à prendre des vacances pour se reposer. (She had urged her husband to take a vacation to rest.)

In these examples, the verb exhorter is used to express past actions that were completed before another past action. In English, this tense is often translated as “had + past participle”.

Table of the Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of exhorter

Pronoun Conjugation Short Example English Translation
je j’avais exhorté J’avais exhorté mon ami à être courageux. I had exhorted my friend to be brave.
tu tu avais exhorté Tu avais exhorté tes camarades à travailler plus. You had exhorted your classmates to work harder.
il il avait exhorté Il avait exhorté ses employés à être plus productifs. He had exhorted his employees to be more productive.
elle elle avait exhorté Elle avait exhorté ses enfants à toujours être honnêtes. She had exhorted her children to always be honest.
on on avait exhorté On avait exhorté les étudiants à suivre leurs rêves. One had exhorted the students to follow their dreams.
nous nous avions exhorté Nous avions exhorté nos voisins à recycler. We had exhorted our neighbors to recycle.
vous vous aviez exhorté Vous aviez exhorté vos collègues à être plus patients. You had exhorted your colleagues to be more patient.
ils ils avaient exhorté Ils avaient exhorté leurs amis à voyager. They had exhorted their friends to travel.
elles elles avaient exhorté Elles avaient exhorté leurs élèves à être créatifs. They had exhorted their students to be creative.

Other Conjugations for Exhorter.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb exhorter
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exhorter
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exhorter
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exhorter
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exhorter
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exhorter
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exhorter     (this article)

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exhorter

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exhorter

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exhorter

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exhorter
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exhorter

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exhorter
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exhorter
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exhorter

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exhorter

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exhorter

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Exhorter – About the French Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense

The French “plus-que-parfait” tense is a past tense used to express actions or events that occurred before another past action or event. It is often translated to English as the “pluperfect” tense. The name “plus-que-parfait” literally means “more than perfect,” indicating that it is a tense used to describe actions that were completed before a specific point in the past.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Tense Formation

To form the plus-que-parfait tense, you typically use the auxiliary verb “avoir” (to have) or “être” (to be) in the imperfect tense, followed by the past participle of the main verb. Here are the conjugations for both auxiliary verbs:
1. With “avoir” as the auxiliary verb:
   – J’avais mangé (I had eaten)
   – Tu avais parlé (You had spoken)
   – Il/elle/on avait fini (He/She/One had finished)
   – Nous avions lu (We had read)
   – Vous aviez choisi (You had chosen)
   – Ils/elles avaient joué (They had played)
2. With “être” as the auxiliary verb (usually for intransitive verbs or verbs indicating a state):
   – J’étais parti(e) (I had left)
   – Tu étais arrivé(e) (You had arrived)
   – Il/elle/on était tombé(e) (He/She/One had fallen)
   – Nous étions resté(e)s (We had stayed)
   – Vous étiez né(e)(s) (You had been born)
   – Ils/elles étaient monté(e)s (They had gone up)

Common everyday usage patterns

Sequencing of past events

The plus-que-parfait is used to express a past action that happened before another past action. For example, “J’avais mangé avant qu’il ne soit arrivé” (I had eaten before he arrived).

Background information

It is also used to provide background information or set the stage for a main past event. For instance, “Quand je suis arrivé, ils avaient déjà fini de manger” (When I arrived, they had already finished eating).

Hypothetical or reported speech

In indirect speech, the plus-que-parfait is used to report what someone had said or thought in the past. For example, “Il avait dit qu’il viendrait demain” (He had said that he would come tomorrow).

Interactions with other tenses

– The plus-que-parfait is often used in conjunction with the passé composé (simple past) to establish the sequence of past events. The passé composé describes the more recent action, while the plus-que-parfait describes the action that occurred earlier.
– It can also be used with the conditional mood to express a hypothetical past event, like “Si j’avais su, j’aurais agi différemment” (If I had known, I would have acted differently).
– When used in reported speech, it can be combined with the conditional mood or the imperfect subjunctive to reflect the original mood and tense of the reported statement.

Summary

The French plus-que-parfait tense is an essential part of the language for expressing past actions that occurred before other past actions, providing background information, and reporting past statements or thoughts. It is an integral component of constructing complex and accurate narratives in French.

I hope you enjoyed this article on the verb exhorter. Still in a learning mood? Check out another TOTALLY random French verb conjugation!

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