Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroûter

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb encroûter

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The English translation of the French verb encroûter is “to crust over” or “to form a crust”. It is pronounced as “ahn-kroo-teh”.

The origin of the word encroûter comes from the French word “croûte”, meaning crust, and the suffix “-er” to indicate the action of forming a crust. It is most often used in everyday French to describe the process of forming a hard layer or crust on something, such as bread or a wound.

In the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense, encroûter is used to express a past hypothetical action that was completed before another past action.

Example 1: J’étais déçu qu’il y ait encroûté le pain avant que je n’arrive. (I was disappointed that he had crusted over the bread before I arrived.)

Example 2: Il était surpris qu’elle ait encroûté la plaie sans le nettoyer. (He was surprised that she had formed a crust on the wound without cleaning it.)

Example 3: Nous étions contents qu’ils aient encroûté leur amitié avec un voyage en Europe. (We were happy that they had crusted over their friendship with a trip to Europe.)

Table of the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of encroûter

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je eusse encroûté J’aurais aimé que je eusse encroûté. I wish I had encrusted.
tu eusses encroûté J’aurais aimé que tu eusses encroûté. I wish you had encrusted.
il eût encroûté J’aurais aimé qu’il eût encroûté. I wish he had encrusted.
elle eût encroûté J’aurais aimé qu’elle eût encroûté. I wish she had encrusted.
on eût encroûté J’aurais aimé qu’on eût encroûté. I wish one had encrusted.
nous eussions encroûté J’aurais aimé que nous eussions encroûté. I wish we had encrusted.
vous eussiez encroûté J’aurais aimé que vous eussiez encroûté. I wish you had encrusted.
ils eussent encroûté J’aurais aimé qu’ils eussent encroûté. I wish they had encrusted.
elles eussent encroûté J’aurais aimé qu’elles eussent encroûté. I wish they had encrusted.

Other Conjugations for Encroûter.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb encroûter
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroûter
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroûter
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroûter
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroûter
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroûter
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroûter
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroûter

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroûter

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroûter

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroûter
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroûter

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroûter
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroûter
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroûter

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroûter

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroûter
    (this article)

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Encroûter – About the French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense

The French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, also known as the Pluperfect Subjunctive, is a verb tense used to express actions or states that occurred before another action in the past, and it’s used in situations where the indicative mood is in the past subjunctive or conditional mood.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation

To form the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, you start with the imperfect subjunctive form of the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être,” followed by the past participle of the main verb. 
For “avoir” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “avoir” (e.g., j’eusse, tu eusses, il/elle eût, nous eussions, vous eussiez, ils/elles eussent). Add the past participle of the main verb. 
For “être” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “être” (e.g., je fusse, tu fusses, il/elle fût, nous fussions, vous fussiez, ils/elles fussent). Add the past participle of the main verb.

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

Hypothetical Situations

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is often used to express hypothetical or unreal actions that occurred before another past action.
For example: J’aurais aimé que tu aies fini ton travail avant que je sois arrivé. (I would have liked for you to have finished your work before I arrived.) 

Reported Speech

In reported speech, you may use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait to convey what someone said or thought in the past. 
For example: Il m’a dit qu’il avait peur que je n’aie pas compris. (He told me that he was afraid that I hadn’t understood.) 

Doubt, Wishes, and Emotions

This tense can also be used to express doubt, wishes, and emotions about past actions. 
For example: Je doutais qu’il eût dit la vérité. (I doubted that he had told the truth.) 
J’aurais souhaité que tu fusses venu. (I would have wished for you to have come.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

Present Subjunctive

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to describe past actions when the main verb is in the present subjunctive. 
For example: “Il faut que j’aie fini mon travail avant que tu partes.” (I must have finished my work before you leave.) 

Imperfect Subjunctive

It’s common to use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait with the imperfect subjunctive in complex sentences. 
For example: “Il m’avait dit qu’il fût rentré avant la fin de la journée.” (He had told me that he had returned before the end of the day.) 

Conditional

When the main verb is in the conditional mood, the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to express past unreal conditions. 
For example: “Si j’avais su, j’aurais voulu que tu aies réussi.” (If I had known, I would have wanted you to have succeeded.)

Summary

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is a complex tense used to convey nuanced meanings in French. While its usage may seem intricate, it becomes more intuitive with practice and exposure to the language. It’s important to understand the context in which it’s used, as it often conveys subtleties of time, conditionality, and emotion in French sentences.

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