Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enfermer

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb enfermer

Get the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) tense conjugation of enfermer. Includes a FREE downloadable reference sheet (no email required). Alternatively if you have a lot of text to check then use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!

The English translation of the French verb enfermer is “to lock up” or “to confine.” The infinitive form of enfermer is pronounced “ahn-fehr-may.”

The origin of the word enfermer can be traced back to the Old French word “enfermer” which means “to shut in” or “to enclose.” It is derived from the Latin word “infirmare” which means “to weaken” or “to deprive of strength.” In modern French, enfermer is used in various tenses and moods to express the idea of confinement or restriction.

In the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense, enfermer is used to express a past hypothetical action that has been completed before another past action. This tense is formed by using the auxiliary verbs “avoir” or “être” in the Imperfect Subjunctive form, followed by the past participle of the verb enfermer.

Here are three simple examples of enfermer in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense with their English translations:

  1. J’avais peur qu’il se soit enfermé dans sa chambre. (I was afraid that he had locked himself in his room.)
  2. Elle pensait que vous vous étiez enfermés à clé pour éviter les bruits de la rue. (She thought that you had locked yourselves to avoid the noise from the street.)
  3. Nous craignions qu’ils se fussent enfermés dans leur propre réalité. (We were afraid that they had confined themselves in their own reality.)

Table of the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of enfermer

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je eusse enfermé J’aurais aimé que je eusse enfermé. I wish I had locked.
tu eusses enfermé J’aurais aimé que tu eusses enfermé. I wish you had locked.
il eût enfermé J’aurais aimé qu’il eût enfermé. I wish he had locked.
elle eût enfermé J’aurais aimé qu’elle eût enfermé. I wish she had locked.
on eût enfermé J’aurais aimé qu’on eût enfermé. I wish one had locked.
nous eussions enfermé J’aurais aimé que nous eussions enfermé. I wish we had locked.
vous eussiez enfermé J’aurais aimé que vous eussiez enfermé. I wish you had locked.
ils eussent enfermé J’aurais aimé qu’ils eussent enfermé. I wish they had locked.
elles eussent enfermé J’aurais aimé qu’elles eussent enfermé. I wish they had locked.

Other Conjugations for Enfermer.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb enfermer
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enfermer
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enfermer
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enfermer
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enfermer
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enfermer
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enfermer
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enfermer

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enfermer

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enfermer

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enfermer
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enfermer

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enfermer
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enfermer
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enfermer

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enfermer

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb enfermer
    (this article)

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

Get a FREE Download Study Sheet of this Conjugation 🔥

Simply right click the image below, click “save image” and get your free reference for the enfermer Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense conjugation!

Enfermer – About the French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense

The French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, also known as the Pluperfect Subjunctive, is a verb tense used to express actions or states that occurred before another action in the past, and it’s used in situations where the indicative mood is in the past subjunctive or conditional mood.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation

To form the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, you start with the imperfect subjunctive form of the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être,” followed by the past participle of the main verb. 
For “avoir” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “avoir” (e.g., j’eusse, tu eusses, il/elle eût, nous eussions, vous eussiez, ils/elles eussent). Add the past participle of the main verb. 
For “être” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “être” (e.g., je fusse, tu fusses, il/elle fût, nous fussions, vous fussiez, ils/elles fussent). Add the past participle of the main verb.

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

Hypothetical Situations

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is often used to express hypothetical or unreal actions that occurred before another past action.
For example: J’aurais aimé que tu aies fini ton travail avant que je sois arrivé. (I would have liked for you to have finished your work before I arrived.) 

Reported Speech

In reported speech, you may use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait to convey what someone said or thought in the past. 
For example: Il m’a dit qu’il avait peur que je n’aie pas compris. (He told me that he was afraid that I hadn’t understood.) 

Doubt, Wishes, and Emotions

This tense can also be used to express doubt, wishes, and emotions about past actions. 
For example: Je doutais qu’il eût dit la vérité. (I doubted that he had told the truth.) 
J’aurais souhaité que tu fusses venu. (I would have wished for you to have come.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

Present Subjunctive

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to describe past actions when the main verb is in the present subjunctive. 
For example: “Il faut que j’aie fini mon travail avant que tu partes.” (I must have finished my work before you leave.) 

Imperfect Subjunctive

It’s common to use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait with the imperfect subjunctive in complex sentences. 
For example: “Il m’avait dit qu’il fût rentré avant la fin de la journée.” (He had told me that he had returned before the end of the day.) 

Conditional

When the main verb is in the conditional mood, the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to express past unreal conditions. 
For example: “Si j’avais su, j’aurais voulu que tu aies réussi.” (If I had known, I would have wanted you to have succeeded.)

Summary

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is a complex tense used to convey nuanced meanings in French. While its usage may seem intricate, it becomes more intuitive with practice and exposure to the language. It’s important to understand the context in which it’s used, as it often conveys subtleties of time, conditionality, and emotion in French sentences.

I hope you enjoyed this article on the verb enfermer. Still in a learning mood? Check out another TOTALLY random French verb conjugation!

Similar Posts

Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb alphabétiser

ByMichael Burns

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) tense conjugation of alphabétiser. Includes a FREE downloadable reference sheet (no email required).