Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb fortifier

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb fortifier

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The English translation of the French verb fortifier is “to strengthen.” It is pronounced as “for-tee-fee-yay” in its infinitive form.

Fortifier comes from the Latin word “fortificare,” which is derived from the words “fortis” meaning “strong” and “facere” meaning “to make.” In everyday French, fortifier is often used in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense, which is used for hypothetical or unreal situations that occurred before another past action.

Here are three simple examples of fortifier in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense:

  1. J’aurais préféré que mes parents m’aient fortifié avant que je parte pour l’université. (I would have preferred for my parents to have strengthened me before I left for university.)

  2. Si j’avais suivi ses conseils, je n’aurais pas eu besoin qu’il m’ait fortifié après l’accident. (If I had followed his advice, I would not have needed him to strengthen me after the accident.)

  3. Il était important que nous nous soyons fortifiés avant de commencer notre voyage en montagne. (It was important for us to have strengthened ourselves before starting our trip in the mountains.)

Table of the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of fortifier

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je eusse fortifié Si j’avais eu plus de temps, j’aurais aimé que je eusse fortifié. If I had had more time, I wish I had fortified.
tu eusses fortifié Si tu avais eu plus de temps, j’aurais aimé que tu eusses fortifié. If you had had more time, I wish you had fortified.
il eût fortifié Si il avait eu plus de temps, j’aurais aimé qu’il eût fortifié. If he had had more time, I wish he had fortified.
elle eût fortifié Si elle avait eu plus de temps, j’aurais aimé qu’elle eût fortifié. If she had had more time, I wish she had fortified.
on eût fortifié Si on avait eu plus de temps, j’aurais aimé qu’on eût fortifié. If one had had more time, I wish one had fortified.
nous eussions fortifié Si nous avions eu plus de temps, j’aurais aimé que nous eussions fortifié. If we had had more time, I wish we had fortified.
vous eussiez fortifié Si vous aviez eu plus de temps, j’aurais aimé que vous eussiez fortifié. If you had had more time, I wish you had fortified.
ils eussent fortifié Si ils avaient eu plus de temps, j’aurais aimé qu’ils eussent fortifié. If they had had more time, I wish they had fortified.
elles eussent fortifié Si elles avaient eu plus de temps, j’aurais aimé qu’elles eussent fortifié. If they had had more time, I wish they had fortified.

Other Conjugations for Fortifier.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb fortifier
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb fortifier
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb fortifier
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb fortifier
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb fortifier
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb fortifier
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb fortifier
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb fortifier

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb fortifier

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb fortifier

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb fortifier
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb fortifier

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb fortifier
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb fortifier
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb fortifier

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb fortifier

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb fortifier
    (this article)

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Fortifier – About the French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense

The French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, also known as the Pluperfect Subjunctive, is a verb tense used to express actions or states that occurred before another action in the past, and it’s used in situations where the indicative mood is in the past subjunctive or conditional mood.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation

To form the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, you start with the imperfect subjunctive form of the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être,” followed by the past participle of the main verb. 
For “avoir” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “avoir” (e.g., j’eusse, tu eusses, il/elle eût, nous eussions, vous eussiez, ils/elles eussent). Add the past participle of the main verb. 
For “être” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “être” (e.g., je fusse, tu fusses, il/elle fût, nous fussions, vous fussiez, ils/elles fussent). Add the past participle of the main verb.

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

Hypothetical Situations

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is often used to express hypothetical or unreal actions that occurred before another past action.
For example: J’aurais aimé que tu aies fini ton travail avant que je sois arrivé. (I would have liked for you to have finished your work before I arrived.) 

Reported Speech

In reported speech, you may use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait to convey what someone said or thought in the past. 
For example: Il m’a dit qu’il avait peur que je n’aie pas compris. (He told me that he was afraid that I hadn’t understood.) 

Doubt, Wishes, and Emotions

This tense can also be used to express doubt, wishes, and emotions about past actions. 
For example: Je doutais qu’il eût dit la vérité. (I doubted that he had told the truth.) 
J’aurais souhaité que tu fusses venu. (I would have wished for you to have come.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

Present Subjunctive

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to describe past actions when the main verb is in the present subjunctive. 
For example: “Il faut que j’aie fini mon travail avant que tu partes.” (I must have finished my work before you leave.) 

Imperfect Subjunctive

It’s common to use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait with the imperfect subjunctive in complex sentences. 
For example: “Il m’avait dit qu’il fût rentré avant la fin de la journée.” (He had told me that he had returned before the end of the day.) 

Conditional

When the main verb is in the conditional mood, the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to express past unreal conditions. 
For example: “Si j’avais su, j’aurais voulu que tu aies réussi.” (If I had known, I would have wanted you to have succeeded.)

Summary

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is a complex tense used to convey nuanced meanings in French. While its usage may seem intricate, it becomes more intuitive with practice and exposure to the language. It’s important to understand the context in which it’s used, as it often conveys subtleties of time, conditionality, and emotion in French sentences.

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