Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb inculper

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb inculper

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The English translation of the French verb inculper is “to charge” or “to accuse.” The infinitive form, inculper, is pronounced “ahn-kyl-peh.”

The word inculper comes from the Latin verb “inculpāre,” which means “to blame” or “to censure.” It entered the French language in the 16th century and has been used ever since to refer to the act of accusing someone of a crime or wrongdoing.

In everyday French, inculper is most often used in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense, which is used to express a past event that may or may not have happened. It is often used in the context of a legal or judicial situation, where there is doubt or uncertainty about the accused’s guilt.

Here are three simple examples of inculper in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense, with their respective English translations:

  1. Il aurait fallu que je l’inculpasse avant qu’il ne parte en vacances. (I should have charged him before he left on vacation.)
  2. Si elle avait été inculpée, elle aurait pu se défendre devant le tribunal. (If she had been charged, she could have defended herself in court.)
  3. Il doutait qu’elle ait été inculpée à tort. (He doubted that she had been wrongly charged.)

Table of the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of inculper

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je eusse inculpé J’aurais aimé que je eusse inculpé. I wish I had accused.
tu eusses inculpé J’aurais aimé que tu eusses inculpé. I wish you had accused.
il eût inculpé J’aurais aimé qu’il eût inculpé. I wish he had accused.
elle eût inculpé J’aurais aimé qu’elle eût inculpé. I wish she had accused.
on eût inculpé J’aurais aimé qu’on eût inculpé. I wish one had accused.
nous eussions inculpé J’aurais aimé que nous eussions inculpé. I wish we had accused.
vous eussiez inculpé J’aurais aimé que vous eussiez inculpé. I wish you had accused.
ils eussent inculpé J’aurais aimé qu’ils eussent inculpé. I wish they had accused.
elles eussent inculpé J’aurais aimé qu’elles eussent inculpé. I wish they had accused.

Other Conjugations for Inculper.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb inculper
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb inculper
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb inculper
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb inculper
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb inculper
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb inculper
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb inculper
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb inculper

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb inculper

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb inculper

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb inculper
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb inculper

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb inculper
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb inculper
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb inculper

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb inculper

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb inculper
    (this article)

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Inculper – About the French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense

The French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, also known as the Pluperfect Subjunctive, is a verb tense used to express actions or states that occurred before another action in the past, and it’s used in situations where the indicative mood is in the past subjunctive or conditional mood.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation

To form the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, you start with the imperfect subjunctive form of the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être,” followed by the past participle of the main verb. 
For “avoir” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “avoir” (e.g., j’eusse, tu eusses, il/elle eût, nous eussions, vous eussiez, ils/elles eussent). Add the past participle of the main verb. 
For “être” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “être” (e.g., je fusse, tu fusses, il/elle fût, nous fussions, vous fussiez, ils/elles fussent). Add the past participle of the main verb.

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

Hypothetical Situations

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is often used to express hypothetical or unreal actions that occurred before another past action.
For example: J’aurais aimé que tu aies fini ton travail avant que je sois arrivé. (I would have liked for you to have finished your work before I arrived.) 

Reported Speech

In reported speech, you may use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait to convey what someone said or thought in the past. 
For example: Il m’a dit qu’il avait peur que je n’aie pas compris. (He told me that he was afraid that I hadn’t understood.) 

Doubt, Wishes, and Emotions

This tense can also be used to express doubt, wishes, and emotions about past actions. 
For example: Je doutais qu’il eût dit la vérité. (I doubted that he had told the truth.) 
J’aurais souhaité que tu fusses venu. (I would have wished for you to have come.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

Present Subjunctive

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to describe past actions when the main verb is in the present subjunctive. 
For example: “Il faut que j’aie fini mon travail avant que tu partes.” (I must have finished my work before you leave.) 

Imperfect Subjunctive

It’s common to use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait with the imperfect subjunctive in complex sentences. 
For example: “Il m’avait dit qu’il fût rentré avant la fin de la journée.” (He had told me that he had returned before the end of the day.) 

Conditional

When the main verb is in the conditional mood, the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to express past unreal conditions. 
For example: “Si j’avais su, j’aurais voulu que tu aies réussi.” (If I had known, I would have wanted you to have succeeded.)

Summary

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is a complex tense used to convey nuanced meanings in French. While its usage may seem intricate, it becomes more intuitive with practice and exposure to the language. It’s important to understand the context in which it’s used, as it often conveys subtleties of time, conditionality, and emotion in French sentences.

I hope you enjoyed this article on the verb inculper. Still in a learning mood? Check out another TOTALLY random French verb conjugation!

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