L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dériver

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb dériver

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The English translation of the French verb dériver is “to derive” or “to come from.” It is pronounced as “day-ree-vay” in the infinitive form.

Dériver comes from the Latin word “derivare,” meaning “to draw or divert from a source.” In modern French, it is most commonly used in the L’infinitif Présent tense to describe something that has originated or come from a certain source.

Here are three simple examples of dériver in the L’infinitif Présent tense:

  1. Les mots français dérivent du latin. (French words derive from Latin.)
  2. Son inspiration dérive de la nature. (Her inspiration comes from nature.)
  3. Cette théorie dérive d’une étude approfondie. (This theory is derived from an in-depth study.)

In English, dériver can also be translated as “to stem from” or “to be derived from.” It is a versatile verb that is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Table of the L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of dériver

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je dérive Je dérive vers le nord. I am drifting northward.
tu dérives Tu dérives vers le sud. You are drifting southward.
il dérive Il dérive sur le lac. He is drifting on the lake.
elle dérive Elle dérive en mer. She is drifting at sea.
on dérive On dérive dans la vie. We are drifting in life.
nous dérivons Nous dérivons du sujet. We are deviating from the subject.
vous dérivez Vous dérivez vers la côte. You are drifting toward the coast.
ils dérivent Ils dérivent lentement. They are drifting slowly.
elles dérivent Elles dérivent de leur route. They are deviating from their route.

Other Conjugations for Dériver.

Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb dériver

Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dériver

Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dériver

Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dériver

Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dériver 

Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dériver

Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dériver 

Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dériver 

Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dériver

Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dériver

Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dériver 

Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dériver 

Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dériver

Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dériver

Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dériver 

L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dériver

L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dériver  (this article)

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Dériver – About the French L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense

BEFORE you continue…. why not take a deep dive into all the French tenses with my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.
The French “l’infinitif présent” (Infinitive Present) tense is not a true verb tense in the same way that the present, past, or future tenses are. Instead, it’s the base form of a verb, and it has several important uses and interactions with other tenses.

Forming the Infinitive Present

To form the infinitive present of a verb, you typically take the unconjugated form of the verb (the form you’d find in a French dictionary) and remove the ending. For regular verbs, you remove the -er, -ir, or -re ending, and you’re left with the infinitive. For example:
   – Parler (to speak)
   – Finir (to finish)
   – Vendre (to sell)

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

As a Verb’s Dictionary Form

The most common use of the infinitive present is to represent a verb in its base form. It’s the form you would find in a dictionary or verb conjugation table.

After Modal Verbs

When you use modal verbs like “pouvoir” (can), “vouloir” (want), or “devoir” (must), the verb that follows is in its infinitive form. For example:
     – Je veux manger. (I want to eat.)
     – Il peut parler français. (He can speak French.)

As an Imperative

In informal commands, the infinitive is often used. For example:
     – Ferme la porte. (Close the door.)

In Infinitive Clauses

In complex sentences, especially after certain conjunctions, the infinitive is used to express actions that are separate from the main verb. For example:
     – J’ai besoin de manger avant de partir. (I need to eat before leaving.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

Present Tense

The infinitive present can be used with the present tense to express ongoing actions or habitual actions. For example:
     – J’aime manger des croissants. (I like eating croissants.)

Future Tense

When combined with the future tense of “aller,” the infinitive present can express future actions. For example:
     – Je vais manger au restaurant demain. (I am going to eat at the restaurant tomorrow.)

Conditional Tense

The infinitive present is often used with the conditional to express actions that would happen in a hypothetical situation. For example:

     – Il mangerait s’il avait faim. (He would eat if he were hungry.)

Passé Composé

When forming compound tenses like “passé composé,” the auxiliary verb (être or avoir) is conjugated, and the main verb remains in its infinitive form. For example:
     – J’ai mangé une pomme. (I ate an apple.)
     – Elle est partie. (She left.)

Imperfect Tense

The infinitive present can be combined with the imperfect tense to describe ongoing or habitual actions in the past. For example:
     – Quand j’étais enfant, j’aimais jouer. (When I was a child, I liked to play.)

Subjunctive and Conditional Moods

In some complex sentences, the infinitive can be used with the subjunctive and conditional moods, especially when expressing uncertainty, possibility, or doubt.

Summary

The infinitive present in French serves as the base form of a verb and is used in various contexts, including after modal verbs, in imperative commands, in infinitive clauses, and in combination with other tenses to convey a wide range of meanings and actions. Its flexibility makes it a fundamental part of French grammar.

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