Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb outrager

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb outrager

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The English translation of the French verb outrager is “to outrage” or “to insult.” It is pronounced as “oo-trade-zhay” in its infinitive form.

Outrager is derived from the Old French word “outrage,” which comes from the Latin word “ultragium,” meaning “excess” or “outrage.” It is most commonly used in its transitive form, meaning it requires a direct object. In everyday French, outrager is most often used in the past tense, specifically in the Plus-que-parfait tense, which indicates a completed action that happened before another past action.

Here are three simple examples of its usage in the Plus-que-parfait tense, with the respective English translations:

  1. Les manifestants avaient outragé le président avant d’être arrêtés par la police.
    Translation: The protesters had insulted the president before being arrested by the police.

  2. Elle avait été outragée par les insultes de son collègue.
    Translation: She had been outraged by her colleague’s insults.

  3. Les joueurs de l’équipe adverse avaient outragé nos supporters en leur lançant des projectiles.
    Translation: The players of the opposing team had outraged our supporters by throwing projectiles at them.

Table of the Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of outrager

Pronoun Conjugation Short Example English Translation
je j’avais outragé J’avais outragé mes ennemis. I had outraged my enemies.
tu tu avais outragé Tu avais outragé tes parents. You had outraged your parents.
il il avait outragé Il avait outragé sa patrie. He had outraged his country.
elle elle avait outragé Elle avait outragé son patron. She had outraged her boss.
on on avait outragé On avait outragé notre président. One had outraged our president.
nous nous avions outragé Nous avions outragé nos voisins. We had outraged our neighbors.
vous vous aviez outragé Vous aviez outragé vos amis. You had outraged your friends.
ils ils avaient outragé Ils avaient outragé leur ennemis. They had outraged their enemies.
elles elles avaient outragé Elles avaient outragé leurs collègues. They had outraged their colleagues.

Other Conjugations for Outrager.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb outrager
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb outrager
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb outrager
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb outrager
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb outrager
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb outrager
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb outrager     (this article)

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb outrager

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb outrager

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb outrager

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb outrager
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb outrager

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb outrager
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb outrager
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb outrager

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb outrager

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb outrager

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Outrager – About the French Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense

The French “plus-que-parfait” tense is a past tense used to express actions or events that occurred before another past action or event. It is often translated to English as the “pluperfect” tense. The name “plus-que-parfait” literally means “more than perfect,” indicating that it is a tense used to describe actions that were completed before a specific point in the past.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Tense Formation

To form the plus-que-parfait tense, you typically use the auxiliary verb “avoir” (to have) or “être” (to be) in the imperfect tense, followed by the past participle of the main verb. Here are the conjugations for both auxiliary verbs:
1. With “avoir” as the auxiliary verb:
   – J’avais mangé (I had eaten)
   – Tu avais parlé (You had spoken)
   – Il/elle/on avait fini (He/She/One had finished)
   – Nous avions lu (We had read)
   – Vous aviez choisi (You had chosen)
   – Ils/elles avaient joué (They had played)
2. With “être” as the auxiliary verb (usually for intransitive verbs or verbs indicating a state):
   – J’étais parti(e) (I had left)
   – Tu étais arrivé(e) (You had arrived)
   – Il/elle/on était tombé(e) (He/She/One had fallen)
   – Nous étions resté(e)s (We had stayed)
   – Vous étiez né(e)(s) (You had been born)
   – Ils/elles étaient monté(e)s (They had gone up)

Common everyday usage patterns

Sequencing of past events

The plus-que-parfait is used to express a past action that happened before another past action. For example, “J’avais mangé avant qu’il ne soit arrivé” (I had eaten before he arrived).

Background information

It is also used to provide background information or set the stage for a main past event. For instance, “Quand je suis arrivé, ils avaient déjà fini de manger” (When I arrived, they had already finished eating).

Hypothetical or reported speech

In indirect speech, the plus-que-parfait is used to report what someone had said or thought in the past. For example, “Il avait dit qu’il viendrait demain” (He had said that he would come tomorrow).

Interactions with other tenses

– The plus-que-parfait is often used in conjunction with the passé composé (simple past) to establish the sequence of past events. The passé composé describes the more recent action, while the plus-que-parfait describes the action that occurred earlier.
– It can also be used with the conditional mood to express a hypothetical past event, like “Si j’avais su, j’aurais agi différemment” (If I had known, I would have acted differently).
– When used in reported speech, it can be combined with the conditional mood or the imperfect subjunctive to reflect the original mood and tense of the reported statement.

Summary

The French plus-que-parfait tense is an essential part of the language for expressing past actions that occurred before other past actions, providing background information, and reporting past statements or thoughts. It is an integral component of constructing complex and accurate narratives in French.

I hope you enjoyed this article on the verb outrager. Still in a learning mood? Check out another TOTALLY random French verb conjugation!

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