Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défiler

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb défiler

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The English translation of the French verb défiler is “to parade” or “to march”. It is pronounced as “day-fee-lay” in the infinitive form.

The word défiler comes from the Latin word “disfilare” meaning “to unravel” or “to unwind”. It first appeared in French in the 15th century with the meaning of “to remove from a reel”. Over time, it took on the meaning of “parading” or “marching”.

In everyday French, défiler is most often used in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense to express an action that had already been completed in the past and was necessary for another action to take place.

Example 1: J’espérais qu’ils auraient défilé avant que nous arrivions. (I was hoping they had paraded before we arrived.)
Example 2: Il fallait que tu te sois défilé pour que je puisse prendre ta place. (You had to have marched away so I could take your place.)
Example 3: Nous souhaitions qu’elle eût défilé avec nous lors de la parade. (We wished she had paraded with us during the parade.)

Table of the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of défiler

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je eusse défilé J’aurais aimé que je eusse défilé. I wish I had walked.
tu eusses défilé J’aurais aimé que tu eusses défilé. I wish you had walked.
il eût défilé J’aurais aimé qu’il eût défilé. I wish he had walked.
elle eût défilé J’aurais aimé qu’elle eût défilé. I wish she had walked.
on eût défilé J’aurais aimé qu’on eût défilé. I wish one had walked.
nous eussions défilé J’aurais aimé que nous eussions défilé. I wish we had walked.
vous eussiez défilé J’aurais aimé que vous eussiez défilé. I wish you had walked.
ils eussent défilé J’aurais aimé qu’ils eussent défilé. I wish they had walked.
elles eussent défilé J’aurais aimé qu’elles eussent défilé. I wish they had walked.

Other Conjugations for Défiler.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb défiler
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défiler
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défiler
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défiler
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défiler
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défiler
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défiler
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défiler

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défiler

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défiler

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défiler
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défiler

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défiler
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défiler
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défiler

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défiler

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb défiler
    (this article)

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Défiler – About the French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense

The French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, also known as the Pluperfect Subjunctive, is a verb tense used to express actions or states that occurred before another action in the past, and it’s used in situations where the indicative mood is in the past subjunctive or conditional mood.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation

To form the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, you start with the imperfect subjunctive form of the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être,” followed by the past participle of the main verb. 
For “avoir” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “avoir” (e.g., j’eusse, tu eusses, il/elle eût, nous eussions, vous eussiez, ils/elles eussent). Add the past participle of the main verb. 
For “être” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “être” (e.g., je fusse, tu fusses, il/elle fût, nous fussions, vous fussiez, ils/elles fussent). Add the past participle of the main verb.

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

Hypothetical Situations

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is often used to express hypothetical or unreal actions that occurred before another past action.
For example: J’aurais aimé que tu aies fini ton travail avant que je sois arrivé. (I would have liked for you to have finished your work before I arrived.) 

Reported Speech

In reported speech, you may use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait to convey what someone said or thought in the past. 
For example: Il m’a dit qu’il avait peur que je n’aie pas compris. (He told me that he was afraid that I hadn’t understood.) 

Doubt, Wishes, and Emotions

This tense can also be used to express doubt, wishes, and emotions about past actions. 
For example: Je doutais qu’il eût dit la vérité. (I doubted that he had told the truth.) 
J’aurais souhaité que tu fusses venu. (I would have wished for you to have come.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

Present Subjunctive

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to describe past actions when the main verb is in the present subjunctive. 
For example: “Il faut que j’aie fini mon travail avant que tu partes.” (I must have finished my work before you leave.) 

Imperfect Subjunctive

It’s common to use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait with the imperfect subjunctive in complex sentences. 
For example: “Il m’avait dit qu’il fût rentré avant la fin de la journée.” (He had told me that he had returned before the end of the day.) 

Conditional

When the main verb is in the conditional mood, the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to express past unreal conditions. 
For example: “Si j’avais su, j’aurais voulu que tu aies réussi.” (If I had known, I would have wanted you to have succeeded.)

Summary

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is a complex tense used to convey nuanced meanings in French. While its usage may seem intricate, it becomes more intuitive with practice and exposure to the language. It’s important to understand the context in which it’s used, as it often conveys subtleties of time, conditionality, and emotion in French sentences.

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