Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb donner

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb donner

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The English translation of the French verb donner is “to give.” The infinitive form, donner, is pronounced “doh-nay.”

The language origin of donner comes from the Latin word “donare,” meaning “to give.” It is an Old French verb, dating back to the 12th century.

In everyday French, donner is most often used in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense, which expresses a past hypothetical or uncertain action. It is often used after certain conjunctions such as “si” (if) or “bien que” (although).

Here are three examples of donner in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense, with their English translations:

  1. Si j’avais su, je t’aurais donné plus d’argent. (If I had known, I would have given you more money.)

  2. Bien qu’elle ait détesté son cadeau, elle lui a quand même donné un sourire. (Although she hated her gift, she still gave him a smile.)

  3. Il est possible que nous ayons donné une fausse impression à nos voisins. (It is possible that we gave our neighbors a false impression.)

Table of the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of donner

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je eusse donné J’aurais aimé que je eusse donné. I wish I had given.
tu eusses donné J’aurais aimé que tu eusses donné. I wish you had given.
il eût donné J’aurais aimé qu’il eût donné. I wish he had given.
elle eût donné J’aurais aimé qu’elle eût donné. I wish she had given.
on eût donné J’aurais aimé qu’on eût donné. I wish one had given.
nous eussions donné J’aurais aimé que nous eussions donné. I wish we had given.
vous eussiez donné J’aurais aimé que vous eussiez donné. I wish you had given.
ils eussent donné J’aurais aimé qu’ils eussent donné. I wish they had given.
elles eussent donné J’aurais aimé qu’elles eussent donné. I wish they had given.

Other Conjugations for Donner.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb donner
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb donner
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb donner
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb donner
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb donner
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb donner
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb donner
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb donner

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb donner

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb donner

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb donner
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb donner

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb donner
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb donner
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb donner

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb donner

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb donner
    (this article)

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Donner – About the French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense

The French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, also known as the Pluperfect Subjunctive, is a verb tense used to express actions or states that occurred before another action in the past, and it’s used in situations where the indicative mood is in the past subjunctive or conditional mood.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation

To form the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, you start with the imperfect subjunctive form of the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être,” followed by the past participle of the main verb. 
For “avoir” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “avoir” (e.g., j’eusse, tu eusses, il/elle eût, nous eussions, vous eussiez, ils/elles eussent). Add the past participle of the main verb. 
For “être” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “être” (e.g., je fusse, tu fusses, il/elle fût, nous fussions, vous fussiez, ils/elles fussent). Add the past participle of the main verb.

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

Hypothetical Situations

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is often used to express hypothetical or unreal actions that occurred before another past action.
For example: J’aurais aimé que tu aies fini ton travail avant que je sois arrivé. (I would have liked for you to have finished your work before I arrived.) 

Reported Speech

In reported speech, you may use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait to convey what someone said or thought in the past. 
For example: Il m’a dit qu’il avait peur que je n’aie pas compris. (He told me that he was afraid that I hadn’t understood.) 

Doubt, Wishes, and Emotions

This tense can also be used to express doubt, wishes, and emotions about past actions. 
For example: Je doutais qu’il eût dit la vérité. (I doubted that he had told the truth.) 
J’aurais souhaité que tu fusses venu. (I would have wished for you to have come.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

Present Subjunctive

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to describe past actions when the main verb is in the present subjunctive. 
For example: “Il faut que j’aie fini mon travail avant que tu partes.” (I must have finished my work before you leave.) 

Imperfect Subjunctive

It’s common to use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait with the imperfect subjunctive in complex sentences. 
For example: “Il m’avait dit qu’il fût rentré avant la fin de la journée.” (He had told me that he had returned before the end of the day.) 

Conditional

When the main verb is in the conditional mood, the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to express past unreal conditions. 
For example: “Si j’avais su, j’aurais voulu que tu aies réussi.” (If I had known, I would have wanted you to have succeeded.)

Summary

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is a complex tense used to convey nuanced meanings in French. While its usage may seem intricate, it becomes more intuitive with practice and exposure to the language. It’s important to understand the context in which it’s used, as it often conveys subtleties of time, conditionality, and emotion in French sentences.

I hope you enjoyed this article on the verb donner. Still in a learning mood? Check out another TOTALLY random French verb conjugation!

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