Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extrader

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb extrader

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The English translation of the French verb extrader is “to extradite.” It is pronounced as “eks-treh-dey” in its infinitive form.

The word “extrader” comes from the Latin words “ex” meaning “out” and “tradere” meaning “to hand over.” It first appeared in French in the 15th century and is most often used in legal and diplomatic contexts.

In everyday French, the verb “extrader” is most commonly used in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense, which is the past subjunctive tense. This tense is used to express an action that took place before another past action, or to express a hypothetical or unreal situation in the past.

Here are three simple examples of using “extrader” in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense:

  1. Il était impossible que la France l’ait extradé vers les États-Unis. (It was impossible for France to have extradited him to the United States.)

  2. Si le gouvernement n’avait pas changé, ils l’auraient extradé dès qu’il a mis les pieds en France. (If the government hadn’t changed, they would have extradited him as soon as he set foot in France.)

  3. Je regrettais que la décision ait déjà été prise pour l’extrader. (I regretted that the decision had already been made to extradite him.)

Table of the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of extrader

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je eusse extradé Il était temps que je eusse extradé. It was time for me to have extradited.
tu eusses extradé Il était temps que tu eusses extradé. It was time for you to have extradited.
il eût extradé Il était temps qu’il eût extradé. It was time for him to have extradited.
elle eût extradé Il était temps qu’elle eût extradé. It was time for her to have extradited.
on eût extradé Il était temps qu’on eût extradé. It was time for one to have extradited.
nous eussions extradé Il était temps que nous eussions extradé. It was time for us to have extradited.
vous eussiez extradé Il était temps que vous eussiez extradé. It was time for you to have extradited.
ils eussent extradé Il était temps qu’ils eussent extradé. It was time for them to have extradited.
elles eussent extradé Il était temps qu’elles eussent extradé. It was time for them to have extradited.

Other Conjugations for Extrader.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb extrader
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extrader
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extrader
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extrader
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extrader
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extrader
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extrader
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extrader

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extrader

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extrader

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extrader
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extrader

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extrader
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extrader
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extrader

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extrader

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb extrader
    (this article)

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Extrader – About the French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense

The French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, also known as the Pluperfect Subjunctive, is a verb tense used to express actions or states that occurred before another action in the past, and it’s used in situations where the indicative mood is in the past subjunctive or conditional mood.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation

To form the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, you start with the imperfect subjunctive form of the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être,” followed by the past participle of the main verb. 
For “avoir” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “avoir” (e.g., j’eusse, tu eusses, il/elle eût, nous eussions, vous eussiez, ils/elles eussent). Add the past participle of the main verb. 
For “être” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “être” (e.g., je fusse, tu fusses, il/elle fût, nous fussions, vous fussiez, ils/elles fussent). Add the past participle of the main verb.

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

Hypothetical Situations

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is often used to express hypothetical or unreal actions that occurred before another past action.
For example: J’aurais aimé que tu aies fini ton travail avant que je sois arrivé. (I would have liked for you to have finished your work before I arrived.) 

Reported Speech

In reported speech, you may use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait to convey what someone said or thought in the past. 
For example: Il m’a dit qu’il avait peur que je n’aie pas compris. (He told me that he was afraid that I hadn’t understood.) 

Doubt, Wishes, and Emotions

This tense can also be used to express doubt, wishes, and emotions about past actions. 
For example: Je doutais qu’il eût dit la vérité. (I doubted that he had told the truth.) 
J’aurais souhaité que tu fusses venu. (I would have wished for you to have come.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

Present Subjunctive

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to describe past actions when the main verb is in the present subjunctive. 
For example: “Il faut que j’aie fini mon travail avant que tu partes.” (I must have finished my work before you leave.) 

Imperfect Subjunctive

It’s common to use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait with the imperfect subjunctive in complex sentences. 
For example: “Il m’avait dit qu’il fût rentré avant la fin de la journée.” (He had told me that he had returned before the end of the day.) 

Conditional

When the main verb is in the conditional mood, the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to express past unreal conditions. 
For example: “Si j’avais su, j’aurais voulu que tu aies réussi.” (If I had known, I would have wanted you to have succeeded.)

Summary

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is a complex tense used to convey nuanced meanings in French. While its usage may seem intricate, it becomes more intuitive with practice and exposure to the language. It’s important to understand the context in which it’s used, as it often conveys subtleties of time, conditionality, and emotion in French sentences.

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