Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb goujonner

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb goujonner

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The English translation of the French verb goujonner is “to skewer.” The infinitive form is pronounced “goo-jon-nay.”

The origin of the word goujonner comes from the Old French word “goujon,” meaning “small fish.” In everyday French, it is most often used in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense, which is used to express an action that took place before another past action.

Examples:

  1. Il fallait que tu aies goujonné les crevettes avant de les mettre sur le barbecue. (You needed to have skewered the shrimp before putting them on the grill.)

  2. Nous étions contents que le chef ait goujonné les brochettes avant le début de la soirée. (We were happy that the chef had skewered the kebabs before the start of the evening.)

  3. J’étais surprise que vous ayez goujonné les légumes avec une fourchette au lieu d’une brochette. (I was surprised that you had skewered the vegetables with a fork instead of a skewer.)

English translations:

  1. It was necessary for you to have skewered the shrimp before putting them on the grill.

  2. We were happy that the chef had skewered the kebabs before the start of the evening.

  3. I was surprised that you had skewered the vegetables with a fork instead of a skewer.

Table of the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of goujonner

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je eusse goujonné J’avais peur que je eusse goujonné. I was afraid I had goujonned.
tu eusses goujonné J’avais peur que tu eusses goujonné. I was afraid you had goujonned.
il eût goujonné J’avais peur qu’il eût goujonné. I was afraid he had goujonned.
elle eût goujonné J’avais peur qu’elle eût goujonné. I was afraid she had goujonned.
on eût goujonné J’avais peur qu’on eût goujonné. I was afraid one had goujonned.
nous eussions goujonné J’avais peur que nous eussions goujonné. I was afraid we had goujonned.
vous eussiez goujonné J’avais peur que vous eussiez goujonné. I was afraid you had goujonned.
ils eussent goujonné J’avais peur qu’ils eussent goujonné. I was afraid they had goujonned.
elles eussent goujonné J’avais peur qu’elles eussent goujonné. I was afraid they had goujonned.

Other Conjugations for Goujonner.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb goujonner
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb goujonner
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb goujonner
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb goujonner
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb goujonner
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb goujonner
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb goujonner
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb goujonner

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb goujonner

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb goujonner

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb goujonner
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb goujonner

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb goujonner
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb goujonner
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb goujonner

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb goujonner

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb goujonner
    (this article)

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Goujonner – About the French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense

The French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, also known as the Pluperfect Subjunctive, is a verb tense used to express actions or states that occurred before another action in the past, and it’s used in situations where the indicative mood is in the past subjunctive or conditional mood.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation

To form the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, you start with the imperfect subjunctive form of the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être,” followed by the past participle of the main verb. 
For “avoir” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “avoir” (e.g., j’eusse, tu eusses, il/elle eût, nous eussions, vous eussiez, ils/elles eussent). Add the past participle of the main verb. 
For “être” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “être” (e.g., je fusse, tu fusses, il/elle fût, nous fussions, vous fussiez, ils/elles fussent). Add the past participle of the main verb.

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

Hypothetical Situations

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is often used to express hypothetical or unreal actions that occurred before another past action.
For example: J’aurais aimé que tu aies fini ton travail avant que je sois arrivé. (I would have liked for you to have finished your work before I arrived.) 

Reported Speech

In reported speech, you may use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait to convey what someone said or thought in the past. 
For example: Il m’a dit qu’il avait peur que je n’aie pas compris. (He told me that he was afraid that I hadn’t understood.) 

Doubt, Wishes, and Emotions

This tense can also be used to express doubt, wishes, and emotions about past actions. 
For example: Je doutais qu’il eût dit la vérité. (I doubted that he had told the truth.) 
J’aurais souhaité que tu fusses venu. (I would have wished for you to have come.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

Present Subjunctive

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to describe past actions when the main verb is in the present subjunctive. 
For example: “Il faut que j’aie fini mon travail avant que tu partes.” (I must have finished my work before you leave.) 

Imperfect Subjunctive

It’s common to use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait with the imperfect subjunctive in complex sentences. 
For example: “Il m’avait dit qu’il fût rentré avant la fin de la journée.” (He had told me that he had returned before the end of the day.) 

Conditional

When the main verb is in the conditional mood, the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to express past unreal conditions. 
For example: “Si j’avais su, j’aurais voulu que tu aies réussi.” (If I had known, I would have wanted you to have succeeded.)

Summary

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is a complex tense used to convey nuanced meanings in French. While its usage may seem intricate, it becomes more intuitive with practice and exposure to the language. It’s important to understand the context in which it’s used, as it often conveys subtleties of time, conditionality, and emotion in French sentences.

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