Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb luger

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb luger

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The English translation of the French verb luger is “to toboggan” or “to sled.” It is pronounced “loo-zhay.”

The word luger comes from the French noun luge, which means “sled” or “sleigh.” It originated from the Swiss-German word “lugi,” which means “small sled.” The verb luger is most often used in the context of winter sports, particularly sledding or tobogganing.

In the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense, luger is used to express an action that has already been completed in the past, before another action in the past. It is formed by using the auxiliary verb “avoir” in the subjunctive imperfect form (aie, aies, ait, ayons, ayez, aient) followed by the past participle of luger (lugé).

Three simple examples of its usage in this tense are:

  1. J’avais peur que tu aies lugé trop vite et que tu te sois blessé. (I was afraid that you had sledded too fast and that you had hurt yourself.)

  2. Nous étions heureux que les enfants aient lugé toute la journée sans se plaindre. (We were happy that the children had been sledding all day without complaining.)

  3. Il avait fallu que nous ayons lugé pendant deux heures pour arriver en haut de la montagne. (We had to sled for two hours to reach the top of the mountain.)

Table of the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of luger

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je eusse lugé Il faut que je eusse lugé. I had to have chaired.
tu eusses lugé Il faut que tu eusses lugé. You had to have chaired.
il eût lugé Il faut qu’il eût lugé. He had to have chaired.
elle eût lugé Il faut qu’elle eût lugé. She had to have chaired.
on eût lugé Il faut qu’on eût lugé. It was necessary to have chaired.
nous eussions lugé Il fallait que nous eussions lugé. We had to have chaired.
vous eussiez lugé Il fallait que vous eussiez lugé. You had to have chaired.
ils eussent lugé Il fallait qu’ils eussent lugé. They had to have chaired.
elles eussent lugé Il fallait qu’elles eussent lugé. They had to have chaired.

Other Conjugations for Luger.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb luger
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb luger
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb luger
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb luger
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb luger
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb luger
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb luger
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb luger

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb luger

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb luger

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb luger
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb luger

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb luger
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb luger
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb luger

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb luger

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb luger
    (this article)

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Luger – About the French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense

The French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, also known as the Pluperfect Subjunctive, is a verb tense used to express actions or states that occurred before another action in the past, and it’s used in situations where the indicative mood is in the past subjunctive or conditional mood.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation

To form the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, you start with the imperfect subjunctive form of the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être,” followed by the past participle of the main verb. 
For “avoir” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “avoir” (e.g., j’eusse, tu eusses, il/elle eût, nous eussions, vous eussiez, ils/elles eussent). Add the past participle of the main verb. 
For “être” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “être” (e.g., je fusse, tu fusses, il/elle fût, nous fussions, vous fussiez, ils/elles fussent). Add the past participle of the main verb.

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

Hypothetical Situations

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is often used to express hypothetical or unreal actions that occurred before another past action.
For example: J’aurais aimé que tu aies fini ton travail avant que je sois arrivé. (I would have liked for you to have finished your work before I arrived.) 

Reported Speech

In reported speech, you may use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait to convey what someone said or thought in the past. 
For example: Il m’a dit qu’il avait peur que je n’aie pas compris. (He told me that he was afraid that I hadn’t understood.) 

Doubt, Wishes, and Emotions

This tense can also be used to express doubt, wishes, and emotions about past actions. 
For example: Je doutais qu’il eût dit la vérité. (I doubted that he had told the truth.) 
J’aurais souhaité que tu fusses venu. (I would have wished for you to have come.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

Present Subjunctive

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to describe past actions when the main verb is in the present subjunctive. 
For example: “Il faut que j’aie fini mon travail avant que tu partes.” (I must have finished my work before you leave.) 

Imperfect Subjunctive

It’s common to use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait with the imperfect subjunctive in complex sentences. 
For example: “Il m’avait dit qu’il fût rentré avant la fin de la journée.” (He had told me that he had returned before the end of the day.) 

Conditional

When the main verb is in the conditional mood, the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to express past unreal conditions. 
For example: “Si j’avais su, j’aurais voulu que tu aies réussi.” (If I had known, I would have wanted you to have succeeded.)

Summary

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is a complex tense used to convey nuanced meanings in French. While its usage may seem intricate, it becomes more intuitive with practice and exposure to the language. It’s important to understand the context in which it’s used, as it often conveys subtleties of time, conditionality, and emotion in French sentences.

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