Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dérayer

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb dérayer

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The English translation of dérayer is “to derail” and it is pronounced as “day-ray-ay”.

The word dérayer comes from the Old French verb “deraiier”, which means “to take off course”, and ultimately from the Latin word “deradicare”, meaning “to uproot”. In everyday French, dérayer is most often used in the Subjonctif Présent tense, which expresses doubt, possibility, or subjectivity.

Three simple examples of its usage in the Subjonctif Présent tense are:

  1. Il faut que je déraille avant de rater mon train. (It is necessary for me to derail in order to miss my train.)
  2. J’aimerais que tu dérailles un peu, cela pourrait nous faire découvrir de nouveaux endroits. (I would like for you to derail a bit, it could lead us to discover new places.)
  3. Il est possible que le projet déraille si nous ne travaillons pas en équipe. (It is possible that the project will derail if we don’t work as a team.)

In each of these examples, dérayer is used to express a possibility or doubt, and is followed by the conjunction “que”. The verb is conjugated to match the subject of the sentence, and the infinitive form “dérayer” remains unchanged.

Table of the Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of dérayer

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je déraye Il faut que je déraye le bateau. I must steer the boat.
tu dérayes Je veux que tu dérayes le moteur. I want you to start the engine.
il déraye Il est possible qu’il déraye la voiture. It’s possible he drives the car.
elle déraye Elle veut que j’elle déraye le vélo. She wants her to ride the bike.
on déraye Il est important qu’on déraye le navire. It’s important we steer the ship.
nous dérayions Il est préférable que nous dérayions le train. It’s preferable we drive the train.
vous dérayiez Il est nécessaire que vous dérayiez l’avion. It’s necessary you pilot the plane.
ils dérayent Il est essentiel qu’ils dérayent le bus. It’s essential they drive the bus.
elles dérayent Il est crucial qu’elles dérayent le camion. It’s crucial they drive the truck.

Other Conjugations for Dérayer.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb dérayer
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dérayer
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dérayer
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dérayer
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dérayer
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dérayer
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dérayer
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dérayer

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dérayer

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dérayer (this article)

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dérayer
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dérayer

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dérayer
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dérayer
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dérayer

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dérayer

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb dérayer

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Dérayer – About the French Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense

The French Subjonctif Présent, often referred to simply as the “subjunctive mood,” is a verb tense used to express doubt, uncertainty, subjectivity, and emotions. It is not used to describe actions or facts that are considered certain or objective. Here, I will explain the Subjonctif Présent tense, its common everyday usage patterns, and how it interacts with other tenses in French.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation of the Subjonctif Présent

To form the Subjonctif Présent tense for regular verbs, you typically follow these rules

1. Start with the third-person plural (ils/elles) form of the present tense of the verb.
2. Remove the -ent ending.
3. Add the appropriate endings for each verb group:
   – For -er verbs: e, es, e, ions, iez, ent.
   – For -ir verbs: e, es, e, issions, issiez, issent.
   – For -re verbs: e, es, e, ions, iez, ent.

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

1. Expressing Uncertainty and Doubt. The Subjonctif Présent is commonly used to express uncertainty, doubt, or subjective feelings. For example:
   – Je doute qu’il vienne. (I doubt he is coming.)
   – Il est possible que nous ayons des problèmes. (It is possible that we will have problems.)

2. Emotions and Desires. You use the subjunctive to express emotions, desires, hopes, and wishes.
   – Je veux que tu sois heureux. (I want you to be happy.)
   – J’aimerais que vous veniez à la fête. (I would like you to come to the party.)

3. Impersonal Expressions. Some impersonal expressions require the Subjonctif Présent, such as “il est important que” (it is important that), “il est nécessaire que” (it is necessary that), or “il faut que” (it is necessary that).
   – Il est nécessaire que nous partions. (It is necessary that we leave.)

4. Expressions of Possibility and Hypothesis. Subjunctive can be used to express possibilities and hypotheses:
   – Si j’étais riche, je voyagerais. (If I were rich, I would travel.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

The Subjonctif Présent can interact with other tenses in various ways:

1. Present Subjunctive with Present Indicative. Often, the Subjonctif Présent is used alongside the present indicative to express a contrast between certainty and uncertainty. For example:
   – Il est sûr que tu viens. (It’s certain that you are coming.)
   – Il est possible que tu viennes. (It’s possible that you are coming.)

2. Past Subjunctive with Past Indicative. The Subjonctif Passé is used in conjunction with past indicative tenses to express doubt, uncertainty, or emotion about past actions or events.
   – J’étais triste qu’il soit parti. (I was sad that he had left.)

3. Future Subjunctive with Future Indicative. The Subjonctif Futur can be used with future indicative tenses to express doubt or uncertainty about future actions.
   – J’espère qu’il viendra. (I hope he will come.)

4. Conditional and Subjunctive. The Subjonctif Présent is often used with the conditional mood to express hypothetical or unreal situations.
   – Si j’avais de l’argent, je voyagerais. (If I had money, I would travel.)

Summary

The Subjonctif Présent is a mood used to convey uncertainty, doubt, emotions, and desires. It interacts with other tenses in French to create a wide range of nuanced expressions in both everyday conversation and more complex contexts.

I hope you enjoyed this article on the verb dérayer. Still in a learning mood? Check out another TOTALLY random French verb conjugation!

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