Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb aggraver

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb aggraver

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The English translation of the French verb aggraver is “to aggravate” or “to worsen.” The infinitive form of aggraver is pronounced “ah-grah-vay.”

The word aggraver comes from the Latin verb aggravare, which means “to make heavier” or “to burden.” In everyday French, aggraver is most often used in the Plus-que-parfait tense, which is the past perfect tense.

Examples of aggraver in the Plus-que-parfait tense:

  1. J’avais aggravé la situation en lui mentant. (I had worsened the situation by lying to him.)

  2. Ils avaient aggravé leurs dettes en dépensant trop d’argent. (They had aggravated their debts by spending too much money.)

  3. Elle avait aggravé sa blessure en continuant à jouer au tennis. (She had aggravated her injury by continuing to play tennis.)

English translations:

  1. I had aggravated the situation by lying to him.

  2. They had worsened their debts by spending too much money.

  3. She had aggravated her injury by continuing to play tennis.

Table of the Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of aggraver

Pronoun Conjugation Short Example English Translation
je j’avais aggravé J’avais aggravé la situation. I had worsened the situation.
tu tu avais aggravé Tu avais aggravé la blessure. You had aggravated the injury.
il il avait aggravé Il avait aggravé le problème. He had aggravated the problem.
elle elle avait aggravé Elle avait aggravé la maladie. She had aggravated the illness.
on on avait aggravé On avait aggravé l’état des choses. One had worsened the state of things.
nous nous avions aggravé Nous avions aggravé les tensions. We had worsened the tensions.
vous vous aviez aggravé Vous aviez aggravé la situation. You had worsened the situation.
ils ils avaient aggravé Ils avaient aggravé la situation. They had worsened the situation.
elles elles avaient aggravé Elles avaient aggravé le conflit. They had worsened the conflict.

Other Conjugations for Aggraver.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb aggraver
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb aggraver
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb aggraver
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb aggraver
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb aggraver
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb aggraver
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb aggraver     (this article)

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb aggraver

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb aggraver

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb aggraver

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb aggraver
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb aggraver

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb aggraver
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb aggraver
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb aggraver

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb aggraver

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb aggraver

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Aggraver – About the French Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense

The French “plus-que-parfait” tense is a past tense used to express actions or events that occurred before another past action or event. It is often translated to English as the “pluperfect” tense. The name “plus-que-parfait” literally means “more than perfect,” indicating that it is a tense used to describe actions that were completed before a specific point in the past.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Tense Formation

To form the plus-que-parfait tense, you typically use the auxiliary verb “avoir” (to have) or “être” (to be) in the imperfect tense, followed by the past participle of the main verb. Here are the conjugations for both auxiliary verbs:
1. With “avoir” as the auxiliary verb:
   – J’avais mangé (I had eaten)
   – Tu avais parlé (You had spoken)
   – Il/elle/on avait fini (He/She/One had finished)
   – Nous avions lu (We had read)
   – Vous aviez choisi (You had chosen)
   – Ils/elles avaient joué (They had played)
2. With “être” as the auxiliary verb (usually for intransitive verbs or verbs indicating a state):
   – J’étais parti(e) (I had left)
   – Tu étais arrivé(e) (You had arrived)
   – Il/elle/on était tombé(e) (He/She/One had fallen)
   – Nous étions resté(e)s (We had stayed)
   – Vous étiez né(e)(s) (You had been born)
   – Ils/elles étaient monté(e)s (They had gone up)

Common everyday usage patterns

Sequencing of past events

The plus-que-parfait is used to express a past action that happened before another past action. For example, “J’avais mangé avant qu’il ne soit arrivé” (I had eaten before he arrived).

Background information

It is also used to provide background information or set the stage for a main past event. For instance, “Quand je suis arrivé, ils avaient déjà fini de manger” (When I arrived, they had already finished eating).

Hypothetical or reported speech

In indirect speech, the plus-que-parfait is used to report what someone had said or thought in the past. For example, “Il avait dit qu’il viendrait demain” (He had said that he would come tomorrow).

Interactions with other tenses

– The plus-que-parfait is often used in conjunction with the passé composé (simple past) to establish the sequence of past events. The passé composé describes the more recent action, while the plus-que-parfait describes the action that occurred earlier.
– It can also be used with the conditional mood to express a hypothetical past event, like “Si j’avais su, j’aurais agi différemment” (If I had known, I would have acted differently).
– When used in reported speech, it can be combined with the conditional mood or the imperfect subjunctive to reflect the original mood and tense of the reported statement.

Summary

The French plus-que-parfait tense is an essential part of the language for expressing past actions that occurred before other past actions, providing background information, and reporting past statements or thoughts. It is an integral component of constructing complex and accurate narratives in French.

I hope you enjoyed this article on the verb aggraver. Still in a learning mood? Check out another TOTALLY random French verb conjugation!

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