Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exacerber

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb exacerber

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The English translation of the French verb exacerber is “to exacerbate.” The infinitive form of the verb is pronounced as “ehksah-seh-beh.”

The word exacerber comes from the Latin word exacerbo, meaning “to irritate or provoke.” It entered the French language in the 16th century and is derived from the Latin prefix ex- (meaning “out”) and acerbus (meaning “harsh” or “bitter”).

In everyday French, exacerber is most often used in the Plus-que-parfait tense, which is the past perfect tense in English. This tense is used to talk about an action that had already been completed before another action in the past.

Here are three simple examples of exacerber in the Plus-que-parfait tense with their English translations:

  1. J’avais exacérbé la situation en lui disant ces mots. (I had exacerbated the situation by saying those words.)
  2. Ils avaient exacérbé leurs différends en refusant de se parler. (They had exacerbated their differences by refusing to talk to each other.)
  3. Elle avait exacérbé sa maladie en ne prenant pas ses médicaments. (She had exacerbated her illness by not taking her medication.)

Table of the Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of exacerber

Pronoun Conjugation Short Example English Translation
je j’avais exacerbé J’avais exacerbé la situation. I had exacerbated the situation.
tu tu avais exacerbé Tu avais exacerbé les tensions. You had exacerbated the tensions.
il il avait exacerbé Il avait exacerbé le problème. He had exacerbated the problem.
elle elle avait exacerbé Elle avait exacerbé la douleur. She had exacerbated the pain.
on on avait exacerbé On avait exacerbé les conflits. One had exacerbated the conflicts.
nous nous avions exacerbé Nous avions exacerbé les inégalités. We had exacerbated the inequalities.
vous vous aviez exacerbé Vous aviez exacerbé la situation. You had exacerbated the situation.
ils ils avaient exacerbé Ils avaient exacerbé la crise. They had exacerbated the crisis.
elles elles avaient exacerbé Elles avaient exacerbé la tension. They had exacerbated the tension.

Other Conjugations for Exacerber.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb exacerber
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exacerber
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exacerber
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exacerber
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exacerber
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exacerber
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exacerber     (this article)

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exacerber

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exacerber

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exacerber

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exacerber
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exacerber

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exacerber
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exacerber
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exacerber

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exacerber

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exacerber

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Exacerber – About the French Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense

The French “plus-que-parfait” tense is a past tense used to express actions or events that occurred before another past action or event. It is often translated to English as the “pluperfect” tense. The name “plus-que-parfait” literally means “more than perfect,” indicating that it is a tense used to describe actions that were completed before a specific point in the past.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Tense Formation

To form the plus-que-parfait tense, you typically use the auxiliary verb “avoir” (to have) or “être” (to be) in the imperfect tense, followed by the past participle of the main verb. Here are the conjugations for both auxiliary verbs:
1. With “avoir” as the auxiliary verb:
   – J’avais mangé (I had eaten)
   – Tu avais parlé (You had spoken)
   – Il/elle/on avait fini (He/She/One had finished)
   – Nous avions lu (We had read)
   – Vous aviez choisi (You had chosen)
   – Ils/elles avaient joué (They had played)
2. With “être” as the auxiliary verb (usually for intransitive verbs or verbs indicating a state):
   – J’étais parti(e) (I had left)
   – Tu étais arrivé(e) (You had arrived)
   – Il/elle/on était tombé(e) (He/She/One had fallen)
   – Nous étions resté(e)s (We had stayed)
   – Vous étiez né(e)(s) (You had been born)
   – Ils/elles étaient monté(e)s (They had gone up)

Common everyday usage patterns

Sequencing of past events

The plus-que-parfait is used to express a past action that happened before another past action. For example, “J’avais mangé avant qu’il ne soit arrivé” (I had eaten before he arrived).

Background information

It is also used to provide background information or set the stage for a main past event. For instance, “Quand je suis arrivé, ils avaient déjà fini de manger” (When I arrived, they had already finished eating).

Hypothetical or reported speech

In indirect speech, the plus-que-parfait is used to report what someone had said or thought in the past. For example, “Il avait dit qu’il viendrait demain” (He had said that he would come tomorrow).

Interactions with other tenses

– The plus-que-parfait is often used in conjunction with the passé composé (simple past) to establish the sequence of past events. The passé composé describes the more recent action, while the plus-que-parfait describes the action that occurred earlier.
– It can also be used with the conditional mood to express a hypothetical past event, like “Si j’avais su, j’aurais agi différemment” (If I had known, I would have acted differently).
– When used in reported speech, it can be combined with the conditional mood or the imperfect subjunctive to reflect the original mood and tense of the reported statement.

Summary

The French plus-que-parfait tense is an essential part of the language for expressing past actions that occurred before other past actions, providing background information, and reporting past statements or thoughts. It is an integral component of constructing complex and accurate narratives in French.

I hope you enjoyed this article on the verb exacerber. Still in a learning mood? Check out another TOTALLY random French verb conjugation!

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