Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb chirographier

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb chirographier

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The English translation of the French verb chirographier is “to write by hand” or “to write in a clear and legible manner”. It is pronounced “shee-roh-gra-fee-ay” in its infinitive form.

The word chirographier comes from the Greek words “cheir” meaning “hand” and “graphia” meaning “writing”. It entered the French language in the 14th century, and was used to describe the act of writing with a pen or quill.

In everyday French, chirographier is most often used in the Subjonctif Passé tense, which is a past subjunctive tense used to express actions that are uncertain, hypothetical, or contrary to reality.

Here are three simple examples of its usage in this tense, with the respective English translations:

  1. Il faut que j’aie chirographié le contrat avant la réunion. (I had to have handwritten the contract before the meeting.)

  2. Je doute qu’elle ait chirographié sa lettre de démission. (I doubt she wrote her resignation letter by hand.)

  3. Il est possible que nous ayons chirographié les invitations à la main. (It’s possible that we wrote the invitations by hand.)

Table of the Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of chirographier

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je aie chirographié Je ne crois pas que j’aie chirographié. I don’t believe I signed.
tu aies chirographié Il vaut mieux que tu aies chirographié. It’s better that you signed.
il ait chirographié Je doute qu’il ait chirographié. I doubt he signed.
elle ait chirographié Elle ne pense pas qu’elle ait chirographié. She doesn’t think she signed.
on ait chirographié On souhaite qu’on ait chirographié. We hope it was signed.
nous ayons chirographié Il est nécessaire que nous ayons chirographié. It’s necessary that we signed.
vous ayez chirographié Il est recommandé que vous ayez chirographié. It’s recommended that you signed.
ils aient chirographié Ils estiment qu’ils aient chirographié. They estimate they signed.
elles aient chirographié Elles souhaitent qu’elles aient chirographié. They wish they signed.

Other Conjugations for Chirographier.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb chirographier
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb chirographier
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb chirographier
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb chirographier
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb chirographier
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb chirographier
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb chirographier
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb chirographier

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb chirographier

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb chirographier

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb chirographier     (this article)

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb chirographier

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb chirographier
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb chirographier
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb chirographier

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb chirographier

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb chirographier

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Chirographier – About the French Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense

The French Subjonctif Passé is a verb tense used to express actions or states that are uncertain, hypothetical, or dependent on some condition in the past. It’s often used in conjunction with the main verb in the present or future tense to convey various nuances of doubt, desire, necessity, or emotion.

NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation of the Subjonctif Passé

To form the Subjonctif Passé, you generally need to start with the third person plural (ils/elles) form of the passé composé (a compound past tense). Then, drop the subject and replace it with the appropriate Subjonctif endings. The endings are the same for regular -er, -ir, and -re verbs:

   – For -er verbs: -e, -es, -e, -ions, -iez, -ent
   – For -ir verbs: -isse, -isses, -ît, -issions, -issiez, -issent
   – For -re verbs: -e, -es, -e, -ions, -iez, -ent

For example, if you have the verb “parler” (to speak) in the third person plural passé composé, which is “ils ont parlé” (they spoke), the Subjonctif Passé form would be “qu’ils aient parlé” (that they spoke).

Everyday Usage Patterns

The Subjonctif Passé is commonly used in various situations:

– Expressing doubt or uncertainty: It’s used when you’re not certain about the completion of an action in the past. For example, “Je doute qu’il ait mangé” (I doubt that he ate).

– Desires and preferences: When you want or wish for something to have happened in the past. For instance, “Je préfère que tu aies réussi” (I prefer that you have succeeded).

– Expressing emotions: To convey emotions or feelings related to past actions or events. For example, “Il est content que nous ayons gagné” (He is happy that we won).

– Hypothetical situations: When discussing hypothetical or unreal past situations. For example, “Si j’avais su, j’aurais souhaité qu’ils aient été là” (If I had known, I would have wished they had been there).

Interactions with Other Tenses

The Subjonctif Passé often interacts with other tenses to convey specific meanings:

Present tense

It’s commonly used after expressions of doubt, desire, necessity, or emotion in the present. For example, “Il faut que tu aies fini” (You must have finished).

Future tense

It’s used in the future for hypothetical or unreal actions in the past when the main clause is in the future. For example, “Je douterai qu’ils aient terminé demain” (I will doubt that they have finished tomorrow).

Conditional

When the main clause is in the conditional, the Subjonctif Passé can be used to express unreal or hypothetical actions in the past. For instance, “Il voudrait que nous ayons réussi” (He would like us to have succeeded).

Summary

The Subjonctif Passé is a versatile tense used in French to convey uncertainty, doubt, desire, or hypothetical situations related to past actions. It is used in various everyday contexts and interacts with other tenses to express specific nuances in the language.

I hope you enjoyed this article on the verb chirographier. Still in a learning mood? Check out another TOTALLY random French verb conjugation!

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