Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb croquer

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb croquer

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The English translation of the French verb croquer is “to crunch” or “to bite/cut with the teeth.” The infinitive form of croquer is pronounced as “kro-kay.”

Croquer comes from the Latin word “croccare” meaning “to crunch” or “to crackle.” It is most commonly used in everyday French to describe the action of biting or crunching into something, often food. In the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense, croquer is used to express a past action that was imagined or desired in the past.

Example 1: “Je regrettais que tu aies croqué tous les biscuits.” (I regretted that you had eaten all the cookies.)
Example 2: “Il souhaitait que nous ayons croqué dans les pommes ensemble.” (He wished that we had bitten into the apples together.)
Example 3: “Elle espérait qu’ils eussent croqué un morceau de pain avant le dîner.” (She hoped that they had taken a bite of bread before dinner.)

In each of these examples, the action of croquer (biting or eating) is expressed as a desired or imagined past action. In English, the verbs “had” and “have” are used to convey this tense in similar sentences.

Table of the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of croquer

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je eusse croqué J’aurais aimé que je eusse croqué. I wish I had bitten.
tu eusses croqué J’aurais aimé que tu eusses croqué. I wish you had bitten.
il eût croqué J’aurais aimé qu’il eût croqué. I wish he had bitten.
elle eût croqué J’aurais aimé qu’elle eût croqué. I wish she had bitten.
on eût croqué J’aurais aimé qu’on eût croqué. I wish one had bitten.
nous eussions croqué J’aurais aimé que nous eussions croqué. I wish we had bitten.
vous eussiez croqué J’aurais aimé que vous eussiez croqué. I wish you had bitten.
ils eussent croqué J’aurais aimé qu’ils eussent croqué. I wish they had bitten.
elles eussent croqué J’aurais aimé qu’elles eussent croqué. I wish they had bitten.

Other Conjugations for Croquer.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb croquer
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb croquer
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb croquer
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb croquer
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb croquer
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb croquer
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb croquer
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb croquer

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb croquer

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb croquer

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb croquer
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb croquer

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb croquer
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb croquer
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb croquer

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb croquer

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb croquer
    (this article)

    Struggling with French verbs or the language in general? Why not use our free French Grammar Checker – no registration required!
   

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Croquer – About the French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense

The French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, also known as the Pluperfect Subjunctive, is a verb tense used to express actions or states that occurred before another action in the past, and it’s used in situations where the indicative mood is in the past subjunctive or conditional mood.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation

To form the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, you start with the imperfect subjunctive form of the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être,” followed by the past participle of the main verb. 
For “avoir” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “avoir” (e.g., j’eusse, tu eusses, il/elle eût, nous eussions, vous eussiez, ils/elles eussent). Add the past participle of the main verb. 
For “être” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “être” (e.g., je fusse, tu fusses, il/elle fût, nous fussions, vous fussiez, ils/elles fussent). Add the past participle of the main verb.

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

Hypothetical Situations

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is often used to express hypothetical or unreal actions that occurred before another past action.
For example: J’aurais aimé que tu aies fini ton travail avant que je sois arrivé. (I would have liked for you to have finished your work before I arrived.) 

Reported Speech

In reported speech, you may use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait to convey what someone said or thought in the past. 
For example: Il m’a dit qu’il avait peur que je n’aie pas compris. (He told me that he was afraid that I hadn’t understood.) 

Doubt, Wishes, and Emotions

This tense can also be used to express doubt, wishes, and emotions about past actions. 
For example: Je doutais qu’il eût dit la vérité. (I doubted that he had told the truth.) 
J’aurais souhaité que tu fusses venu. (I would have wished for you to have come.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

Present Subjunctive

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to describe past actions when the main verb is in the present subjunctive. 
For example: “Il faut que j’aie fini mon travail avant que tu partes.” (I must have finished my work before you leave.) 

Imperfect Subjunctive

It’s common to use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait with the imperfect subjunctive in complex sentences. 
For example: “Il m’avait dit qu’il fût rentré avant la fin de la journée.” (He had told me that he had returned before the end of the day.) 

Conditional

When the main verb is in the conditional mood, the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to express past unreal conditions. 
For example: “Si j’avais su, j’aurais voulu que tu aies réussi.” (If I had known, I would have wanted you to have succeeded.)

Summary

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is a complex tense used to convey nuanced meanings in French. While its usage may seem intricate, it becomes more intuitive with practice and exposure to the language. It’s important to understand the context in which it’s used, as it often conveys subtleties of time, conditionality, and emotion in French sentences.

I hope you enjoyed this article on the verb croquer. Still in a learning mood? Check out another TOTALLY random French verb conjugation!

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