Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroiser

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb encroiser

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The English translation of the French verb encroiser is “to encroach” or “to trespass.” The infinitive form is pronounced as “ahn-kwah-zay.”

Encroiser comes from the Old French word “encroisier,” which means “to advance, grow.” It is derived from the Latin word “incrementum” meaning “growth” or “increase.” In everyday French, encroiser is most often used in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense, which expresses actions that happened in the past before another action in the past.

Examples of encroiser in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense with their English translations are:

  1. J’avais peur qu’il n’ait encroisé sur mon terrain. (I was afraid he had encroached on my land.)
  2. Elle avait peur que les voisins n’aient encroisé sur leur jardin. (She was afraid the neighbors had encroached on their garden.)
  3. Nous avions peur que la construction n’ait encroisé sur l’espace public. (We were afraid the construction had encroached on public space.)

Table of the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of encroiser

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je eusse encroisé J’aurais aimé que je eusse encroisé. I wish I had crossed.
tu eusses encroisé J’aurais aimé que tu eusses encroisé. I wish you had crossed.
il eût encroisé J’aurais aimé qu’il eût encroisé. I wish he had crossed.
elle eût encroisé J’aurais aimé qu’elle eût encroisé. I wish she had crossed.
on eût encroisé J’aurais aimé qu’on eût encroisé. I wish one had crossed.
nous eussions encroisé J’aurais aimé que nous eussions encroisé. I wish we had crossed.
vous eussiez encroisé J’aurais aimé que vous eussiez encroisé. I wish you had crossed.
ils eussent encroisé J’aurais aimé qu’ils eussent encroisé. I wish they had crossed.
elles eussent encroisé J’aurais aimé qu’elles eussent encroisé. I wish they had crossed.

Other Conjugations for Encroiser.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb encroiser
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroiser
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroiser
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroiser
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroiser
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroiser
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroiser
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroiser

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroiser

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroiser

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroiser
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroiser

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroiser
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroiser
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroiser

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroiser

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb encroiser
    (this article)

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Encroiser – About the French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense

The French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, also known as the Pluperfect Subjunctive, is a verb tense used to express actions or states that occurred before another action in the past, and it’s used in situations where the indicative mood is in the past subjunctive or conditional mood.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation

To form the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, you start with the imperfect subjunctive form of the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être,” followed by the past participle of the main verb. 
For “avoir” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “avoir” (e.g., j’eusse, tu eusses, il/elle eût, nous eussions, vous eussiez, ils/elles eussent). Add the past participle of the main verb. 
For “être” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “être” (e.g., je fusse, tu fusses, il/elle fût, nous fussions, vous fussiez, ils/elles fussent). Add the past participle of the main verb.

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

Hypothetical Situations

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is often used to express hypothetical or unreal actions that occurred before another past action.
For example: J’aurais aimé que tu aies fini ton travail avant que je sois arrivé. (I would have liked for you to have finished your work before I arrived.) 

Reported Speech

In reported speech, you may use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait to convey what someone said or thought in the past. 
For example: Il m’a dit qu’il avait peur que je n’aie pas compris. (He told me that he was afraid that I hadn’t understood.) 

Doubt, Wishes, and Emotions

This tense can also be used to express doubt, wishes, and emotions about past actions. 
For example: Je doutais qu’il eût dit la vérité. (I doubted that he had told the truth.) 
J’aurais souhaité que tu fusses venu. (I would have wished for you to have come.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

Present Subjunctive

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to describe past actions when the main verb is in the present subjunctive. 
For example: “Il faut que j’aie fini mon travail avant que tu partes.” (I must have finished my work before you leave.) 

Imperfect Subjunctive

It’s common to use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait with the imperfect subjunctive in complex sentences. 
For example: “Il m’avait dit qu’il fût rentré avant la fin de la journée.” (He had told me that he had returned before the end of the day.) 

Conditional

When the main verb is in the conditional mood, the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to express past unreal conditions. 
For example: “Si j’avais su, j’aurais voulu que tu aies réussi.” (If I had known, I would have wanted you to have succeeded.)

Summary

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is a complex tense used to convey nuanced meanings in French. While its usage may seem intricate, it becomes more intuitive with practice and exposure to the language. It’s important to understand the context in which it’s used, as it often conveys subtleties of time, conditionality, and emotion in French sentences.

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