Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exiler

ByMichael Burns

Introduction to the verb exiler

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The English translation of the French verb exiler is “to exile.” It is pronounced as “eh-zee-leh” in its infinitive form.

The language origin of exiler can be traced back to the Latin word “exilium,” meaning “banishment” or “exile.” In everyday French, exiler is most commonly used in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense, which is the past subjunctive tense used to express actions that would have happened in the past if certain conditions had been met.

Here are three simple examples of exiler in the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait tense, along with their English translations:

  1. Si j’avais su qu’il avait menti, je l’aurais exilé. (If I had known he had lied, I would have exiled him.)

  2. Elle m’avait dit qu’elle l’exilerait si elle le pouvait. (She had told me she would exile him if she could.)

  3. Nous aurions exilé le dictateur s’il n’avait pas abdiqué. (We would have exiled the dictator if he hadn’t abdicated.)

Table of the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of exiler

Pronoun Conjugation Example Usage English Translation
je eusse exilé Si j’avais été exilé, j’aurais détesté que je eusse exilé. If I had been exiled, I would have hated that I had exiled.
tu eusses exilé Si j’avais été exilé, je détesterais que tu eusses exilé. If I had been exiled, I would hate that you had exiled.
il eût exilé Si j’avais été exilé, je détesterais qu’il eût exilé. If I had been exiled, I would hate that he had exiled.
elle eût exilé Si j’avais été exilé, je détesterais qu’elle eût exilé. If I had been exiled, I would hate that she had exiled.
on eût exilé Si j’avais été exilé, je détesterais qu’on eût exilé. If I had been exiled, I would hate that one had exiled.
nous eussions exilé Si j’avais été exilé, je détesterais que nous eussions exilé. If I had been exiled, I would hate that we had exiled.
vous eussiez exilé Si j’avais été exilé, je détesterais que vous eussiez exilé. If I had been exiled, I would hate that you had exiled.
ils eussent exilé Si j’avais été exilé, je détesterais qu’ils eussent exilé. If I had been exiled, I would hate that they had exiled.
elles eussent exilé Si j’avais été exilé, je détesterais qu’elles eussent exilé. If I had been exiled, I would hate that they had exiled.

Other Conjugations for Exiler.

   
    Le Present (Present Tense) Conjugation of the French Verb exiler
   

    Imparfait (Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exiler
   

    Passé Simple (Simple Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exiler
   

    Passé Composé (Present Perfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exiler
   

    Futur Simple (Simple Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exiler
   

    Futur Proche (Near Future) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exiler
   

    Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exiler
   

    Passé Antérieur (Past Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exiler

    Futur Antérieur (Future Anterior) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exiler

    Subjonctif Présent (Subjunctive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exiler

    Subjonctif Passé (Subjunctive Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exiler
   

    Subjonctif Imparfait (Subjunctive Imperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exiler

    Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exiler
   

    Conditionnel Présent (Conditional Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exiler
   

    Conditionnel Passé (Conditional Past) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exiler

    L’impératif Présent (Imperative Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exiler

    L’infinitif Présent (Infinitive Present) Tense Conjugation of the French Verb exiler
    (this article)

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Exiler – About the French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait (Subjunctive Pluperfect) Tense

The French Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, also known as the Pluperfect Subjunctive, is a verb tense used to express actions or states that occurred before another action in the past, and it’s used in situations where the indicative mood is in the past subjunctive or conditional mood.
NOTE: To take a deep dive into all the French tenses then see my article on Mastering French Tense Conjugation.

Formation

To form the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait, you start with the imperfect subjunctive form of the auxiliary verb “avoir” or “être,” followed by the past participle of the main verb. 
For “avoir” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “avoir” (e.g., j’eusse, tu eusses, il/elle eût, nous eussions, vous eussiez, ils/elles eussent). Add the past participle of the main verb. 
For “être” verbs: Take the imperfect subjunctive form of “être” (e.g., je fusse, tu fusses, il/elle fût, nous fussions, vous fussiez, ils/elles fussent). Add the past participle of the main verb.

Common Everyday Usage Patterns

Hypothetical Situations

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is often used to express hypothetical or unreal actions that occurred before another past action.
For example: J’aurais aimé que tu aies fini ton travail avant que je sois arrivé. (I would have liked for you to have finished your work before I arrived.) 

Reported Speech

In reported speech, you may use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait to convey what someone said or thought in the past. 
For example: Il m’a dit qu’il avait peur que je n’aie pas compris. (He told me that he was afraid that I hadn’t understood.) 

Doubt, Wishes, and Emotions

This tense can also be used to express doubt, wishes, and emotions about past actions. 
For example: Je doutais qu’il eût dit la vérité. (I doubted that he had told the truth.) 
J’aurais souhaité que tu fusses venu. (I would have wished for you to have come.)

Interactions with Other Tenses

Present Subjunctive

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to describe past actions when the main verb is in the present subjunctive. 
For example: “Il faut que j’aie fini mon travail avant que tu partes.” (I must have finished my work before you leave.) 

Imperfect Subjunctive

It’s common to use the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait with the imperfect subjunctive in complex sentences. 
For example: “Il m’avait dit qu’il fût rentré avant la fin de la journée.” (He had told me that he had returned before the end of the day.) 

Conditional

When the main verb is in the conditional mood, the Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait can be used to express past unreal conditions. 
For example: “Si j’avais su, j’aurais voulu que tu aies réussi.” (If I had known, I would have wanted you to have succeeded.)

Summary

The Subjonctif Plus-que-parfait is a complex tense used to convey nuanced meanings in French. While its usage may seem intricate, it becomes more intuitive with practice and exposure to the language. It’s important to understand the context in which it’s used, as it often conveys subtleties of time, conditionality, and emotion in French sentences.

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